Breguet 14
| Breguet 14 | |
|---|---|
|
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| Type: | Bomber , reconnaissance aircraft , multipurpose aircraft |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
November 21, 1916 |
| Production time: |
until 1928 |
| Number of pieces: |
approx. 7800 |
The Breguet 14 (also Breguet XIV ) was a French , versatile military aircraft . The development of this extremely successful model began in the summer of 1916. The success was evident in the production that continued until 1928, and even the French Air Force kept the Breguet 14 in existence until 1932.
history
The first prototype , known as the Breguet AV Type XIV , first flew on November 21, 1916. The Roman numbering Breguet XIV was soon replaced by Breguet 14.
The trials showed convincing performance, and so on March 16, 1917 an official order was placed for 150 aircraft in the reconnaissance version A2, which were supplemented with new follow-up orders as the delivery began. At the same time, the B2 bomber was produced in parallel and included in the production of other licensees.
A single-seat bomber variant B1 was only built in small numbers. Before the end of the First World War , a version of the Breguet 14S medical aircraft was developed.
By December 1918, a total of around 5300 Breguet 14 of all versions had been made. After the war, the model was successfully exported and flew in the air forces of Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Greece, Yugoslavia, Poland , Portugal, Romania, Siam, Spain as well as Czechoslovakia and the USA, which alone ordered around 600 machines z. Some were equipped with Fiat engines.
The Breguet 14 TOE was specially created for the French colonial troops, and in 1921 a small series was fitted with special altitude motors. The sanitary variants 14T and 14Tbis as well as the school version Et2 were created.
Between 1919 and 1928 a total of about 2500 machines were built, so that the Breguet 14 came to a total of about 7800 machines.
construction
The aircraft had a large box-shaped fuselage and rectangular wings with a basic structure made of steel, dural and wood, which was covered with fabric. These materials made the design very robust. Ailerons were attached to the upper and lower wings, and in later series they also received horn compensation .
The reconnaissance aircraft Breguet 14 A2 was equipped with a camera and a radio, the cockpit sides of the observer had transparent windows. To improve his visibility, his cockpit floor was designed as a sliding flap.
The Breguet 14 B2 bomber version had additional landing flaps, which were omitted in 1918 when the design was thoroughly modernized. From 1918 onwards all machines were produced with a reinforced wing.
During production or in individual test samples, various types of engines were installed, such as Fiat A.12bis (300 PS), Renault 12K (400 PS) and Liberty (400 PS).
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data Breguet 14 A2 |
|---|---|
| crew | 2 |
| length | 8.87 m |
| span | 14.36 m above, 12.40 m below |
| height | 3.30 m |
| Wing area | 47.50 m² |
| Preparation mass | 1030 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 1565 kg |
| Engine | a water-cooled in- line engine Renault 12Fe, 300 HP (221 kW) starting power |
| Top speed | 184 km / h |
| Service ceiling | 6000 m |
| Flight duration | 3 h |
| Armament | 3 MG 7.7 mm, 40 kg bombs (4 × 10 kg) |
