Castle Freedom (Königsberg)
The castle freedom was a district of Königsberg , which extended north of the castle and the Twangste on both sides of the castle pond.
history
The castle freedom came into being around 1255 when the court servants settled in the vicinity of the castle. The Königsgarten in Tragheim also belonged to the castle freedom. Here exotic plants were kept that could not withstand the severe East Prussian weather and froze to death. To counter this, an open fire was maintained, with the result that in 1607 the royal garden house burned down and the linden tree surrounded by four galleries, from whose top platform you had a view of Labiau , withered.
"At the same time as the church (note: the castle church is meant) was the Latin Reformed school on the church square, above which the Polish = Reformed church lies, where from 1686 to the beginning of the eighteenth century the French = Reformed congregation held their services This happened in the former apartment of the Landhofmeister until 1736. This was subsequently a garrison church until it was established as a French school around 1786; and the reasons given to the French Church under the name Her Landhofmeisterei and Obermarschallei have been granted under the privilege of 5 Its own jurisdiction, March 1707. The Collcgium Fridericianum was created in 1697 from a private institution, received the current building and church in 1703, which was formerly a house of the von Kreutzen family and was given its current name with royal approval.It rose quickly regardless of some obstacles; was then based on the model of the Halle orphan nhauses, and now contains a German school, a Latin school and a boarding school.
The mint on the steep hill, where previously a church dedicated to the Holy Spirit was formerly a hospital for old and sick servants, has been received since 1823 and sold to private individuals. The drama and Rcdouten house, now owned by the merchant Mr. Bruinvisch, is rented out by him for the indicated purpose and was rebuilt a few years ago. The exterior does not have the serene aspect of a building intended for public enjoyment. The ground floor is often too small for the crowd; is still limited by posts on which the boxes rest. The actors' voices are faint in various places and the whole thing is very exposed to drafts. The von Lesgewangsche Stift in Junkergasse is tax-free and has its own jurisdiction. The Count's Zeigut Stanislawskische Stift is located in Kehrwiedergasse; on the crooked mountain that of Podewilsche; on the Reformed church square the Redersche = Reformed pen also in German. The large Nelson houses and the Rieß house are located on the Königsgarten. Behind the coin is the house of the gentleman. Rath Metzger. In the Junkergasse, the former chancellery contains the Nikolovius bookstore. The former von Hippelsche Haus is now the post office. A house with a handsome front on Junkergasse contains a tobacco factory that was previously built on the royal account and is now being continued by some merchants. The very extensive Graflich von Dohna Schlobitten's grounds, in which the Gregoirsche Gasthof is also located, have their own jurisdiction through various privileges to accept non-guild craftsmen and are exempt from all civil burdens and taxes. In the Kehrwiedergasse is the large Loyalsche or German house, in which the post office was previously and a synagogue was also old. The Kantersche type foundry is in Mühlengrunde; in the French street the von Schardensche house with the resource. On the Leaning Mountain are the great houses of the Counts of Kanitz and von Kalkreuth, of Herr Commerzienrath Schmidt and Counts of Schlichen; and in the house of Mr. President von Winterfeld, with which the freedom of the castle ends, was previously a monastery, later a piece foundry. "
The castle freedom was the preferred residential area of the nobility. Immanuel Kant's house, acquired in 1784, was also in this district.
Sacred buildings
- The castle church was built in 1616.
- St. Mary Magdalene
- Bullaten Franciscan Monastery
- German Reformed Church . The foundation stone was laid in 1690, the inauguration took place on January 23, 1701. " If the tower, which is now covered by a tent roof, were completed, and if the entablature on the church were not cranked, it would be an excellent building. At the entrances to the church, columns are more Corinthian Order and the corners of the church are broken five times. The pilasters are Doric, on the tower Ionic order. The church has five solidly vaulted choir domes, and in the same the pulpit made of walnut and a metal chandelier weighs over 1,000 pounds, an organ that is a Rückpositiv and 34 sounding voices is also characterized by euphoria, strength and an echo in the neighborhood of the communion table.The reasons belonging to the church, which were formerly called the slaughterhouse and the 120 hubs belonging to the church, have according to the privilege of June 24th, 1698 Jurisdiction. "
legend
The cross gate to Koenigsberg.
At the end of the castle freedom of Königsberg, where the Roßgarten begins, there was once a gate, called the Kreuzthor, which was broken off in 1475. Next to this gate, in the corner to the right hand, there used to be a monastery called the Holy Cross, in which there were even pious monks. On one occasion the monks were evicted and the monastery was turned into a casting house, which was later moved to another location not far from the wooden garden. That cross door was always specially locked in the past, but since the monks were driven out, it has been possessed by evil enemies, so that you could never keep it shut, but when you locked it you found it open again immediately. That is why it was completely broken away in the end.
literature
- Baczko, Ludwig von: An attempt at a history and description of Königsberg, Königsberg 1804
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Baczko, Ludwig von: An attempt at a history and description of Königsberg , Königsberg 1804, p. 137
- ^ Tettau, v .: Folk sagas of East Prussia, Litthauens and West Prussia, Berlin 1837, No. 173
Coordinates: 54 ° 43 ' N , 20 ° 31' E