C4ISR
C4ISR (also C 4 ISR ) is a military acronym for command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance , i.e. in German : leadership, information, communication, computer systems, communications, surveillance and reconnaissance . The abbreviation was first used by the US armed forces .
The term primarily refers to the networking of all management information systems in order to obtain a more precise picture of the situation and thus to improve decision-making and leadership skills. One encounters the term in numerous strategy papers and political statements.
An extension of the acronym in relation to the extension of the management information system to include the message cycle, which also enables use with lethal or non-lethal agents , is called C4ISTAR . This stands for C4 (Command, Control, Communications, and Computers), the management information system, and ISTAR (Intelligence, Surveillance, Targeting (also: Target Acquisition), and Reconnaissance), in German: intelligence, surveillance, target finding and determination and reconnaissance .
See also:
- Revolution in Military Affairs
- Network-Centric Warfare
- Cyberwar
- Global information grid
- Electronic warfare
- Global Strike
literature
- Dennis E. Wisnosky and Joseph Vogel: Dodaf Wizdom: a Practical Guide to Planning, Managing and Executing Projects to Build Enterprise Architectures using the Department of Defense Architecture Framework . Wizdom Systems, Inc., 2004. ISBN 1-893990-09-5 .
Web links
- Command and Control Research Program (CCRP, a division of DoD ); Publications (PDF download possible): [1]
- Allied Command Transformation (ACT; NATO website )
- Defense Update - C4ISR Topics
- C 4 ISR - The Journal of Net-Centric Warfare
- The Electronic Battlefield (Sinodefense.com)
- A Swiss website for networked operations management
- Explanation at the Pentagon (Engl.)