Cahul, Bolgrad and Ismail

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Cahul , Bolgrad and Ismail are three historical districts in southern Bessarabia .

The southern part of Bessarabia, which originally belonged to the Principality of Moldova , was initially lost to Russia as a result of the Crimean War after it was ceded to Russia by the Ottoman Empire in 1812 and 1829 . Russia ceded a border strip along the Prut , the Danube Delta and the Black Sea coast including the cities of Cahul , Ismajil and Kilija as well as the southern part of the Budschak to the Principality of Moldova as part of the Peace of Paris in 1856 . This change of area was neither historically nor ethnographically justified. In contrast to North Bessarabia, South Bessarabia (Budschak) became Ottoman as early as 1484. With the Bender fortress and the surrounding area , this Moldovan area also came to the Ottoman Empire in 1538 and belonged to it with the Budschak until 1812. In contrast to northern Bessarabia, more Russians or Ukrainians (and Bulgarians) lived in the south of the area than Moldovans. However, the border change gave Moldova and Romania access to the sea, while Russia's share on the Black Sea coasts was reduced accordingly. In the next Russo-Ottoman War , Russia forced the return of South Bessarabia in 1878, and Romania received the Dobruja from the Ottomans as compensation .

  • The demarcation through the south of Bessarabia

  • South Bessarabia as part of the Principality of Moldova, from 1856

  • South Bessarabia as part of Romania until 1878

  • Ethnic map of the Balkan Peninsula from 1861

literature

  • Mihaela Narcisa Niemczik-Arambașa: Everyday life on the eastern edge of the EU: The population in the border region Romania / Republic of Moldova appropriates space. (Praxis Kultur- und Sozialgeographie, 54) Universitätsverlag, Potsdam 2012, p. 256 ( full text )