Capgras Syndrome

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Classification according to ICD-10
F22.0 Delusional disorder
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

The Capgras syndrome is a very rare syndrome in which the affected person believes are related parties by identical looking doppelganger been replaced. It was named after Joseph Capgras (1873–1950).

Symptoms

The belief that close relatives have been replaced by doppelgangers is the only symptom of the disease, which is why Capgras syndrome is also known as a monothematic illusion . Since the illness can also occur in the context of psychiatric illnesses such as psychosis , delirium or dementia , some psychiatrists call for the illness to be described as a symptom rather than a syndrome .

Pathophysiology

For a long time it was assumed that Capgras syndrome was related to prosopagnosia , the general inability to recognize faces. However, recent research shows that face recognition is undisturbed, whereas the link to emotional body reactions is missing. The absence of an emotional response can be determined, for example, by the electrodermal activity , since the skin resistance changes with emotional sensations such as when looking at familiar people.

Historical

The syndrome was first described in 1923 by the French psychiatrist Jean Marie Joseph Capgras (together with his colleague Jean Reboul-Lachaux) and is named after him. Capgras and Reboul-Lachaux used in their work the term l'illusion of sosies ( "the doppelganger Illusion") to the case of Madame M. to describe. In a case described in 1991 by a patient named Madame D. , she recognized all close relatives without any problems, but claimed that her husband had been replaced by an identical-looking doppelganger. At first she refused to have sex and locked the bedroom. After all, she had asked her son for a rifle. When she was about to be placed in a psychiatric hospital with the help of the police, she showed considerable resistance. A local psychiatric clinic was diagnosed with atypical psychosis, later classified as Capgras syndrome.

Processing in literature and film

  • The doppelgangers of Capgras are lyrically mentioned by Adelino Dias Gonzaga in his poetry collection L'Amour du Fou .
  • In literary terms , the subject was worked on by Richard Powers in his novel The Echo of Memory .
  • In the 13th episode of the 8th season of the series Scrubs , one of the patients has Capgras syndrome.
  • In the 2nd episode of the 4th season of the series Profiling Paris , a sniper fell ill.
  • The character Debbie in the novel Human Croquet (1997) by Kate Atkinson (Eng. "A Midsummer Night's Game") believes that all family members except for a baby have been replaced by robots.
  • In the film I see, I see , released in 2014, Capgras syndrome is the theme.
  • In the new film adaptation "Flatliners" from 2017, the Capgras syndrome is mentioned while the doctors talk about a woman's diagnosis.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alphabetical directory for the ICD-10-WHO version 2019, volume 3. German Institute for Medical Documentation and Information (DIMDI), Cologne, 2019, p. 693
  2. ^ A b J. Capgras, J. Reboul-Lachaux: Illusion des sosies dans un delire systematise chronique. In: Bulletin de la Societe Clinique de Medicine Mental. (1923); 2, pp. 6-16.
  3. ^ HD Ellis, J. Whitley, JP Luaute: Delusional misidentification. The three original papers on the Capgras, Frégoli and intermetamorphosis delusions (Classic Text No. 17). In: History of Psychiatry. (1994); 5 (17), pp. 117-146. PMID 11639277
  4. ↑ H. Forstl, OP Almeida, AM Owen, A. Burns, R. Howard: Psychiatric, neurological and medical aspects of misidentification syndromes: a review of 260 cases. In: Psychological Medicine. (1991); 21 (4), pp. 905-910. PMID 1780403
  5. ^ HD Ellis, MB Lewis: Capgras delusion: a window on face recognition. In: Trends in Cognitive Sciences. (2001); 5 (4), pp. 149-156. PMID 11287268
  6. ↑ Vilayanur S. Ramachandran : Phantoms in the Brain: Probing the Mysteries of the Human Mind . Harper Collins, New York 1998, ISBN 0-688-17217-2 .
  7. ↑ Hadyn D. Ellis, Michael B. Lewis et al. a .: Automatic without autonomic responses to familiar faces: Differential components of covered face recognition in a case of Capgras delusion. In: Cognitive Neuropsychiatry. 5, 2010, p. 255, doi : 10.1080 / 13546800050199711 .
  8. ↑ KM Passer, JK Warnock: Pimozide in the treatment of Capgras' syndrome. A case report . In: Psychosomatics . tape 32 , no. 4 , 1991, pp. 446-448 , PMID 1961860 .
  9. ↑ Adelino Dias Gonzaga, Vadim Korniloff, Edition promenade, Vadim Korniloff, Edition promenade: L 'amour du fou . 1st, new edition. edition promenade, Fürth, Bay 2015, ISBN 978-3-944897-08-0 .
  10. ^ Richard Powers, Manfred Allié, Manfred Allié: The echo of memory: Roman . 3. Edition. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-10-059022-8 .