Charles Cooley

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Charles Horton Cooley

Charles Horton Cooley (born August 17, 1864 in Ann Arbor , Michigan , † May 7, 1929 there ) was an American sociologist . He was the 8th president of the American Sociological Association .

Lewis A. Coser took Cooley under the " Masters of Sociological Thought " on.

Life

By the time he was 27, his father, Thomas McIntyre Cooley, had a stellar career as a judge on the Michigan Supreme Court , dean of the Michigan Law Department , first chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission, and the author of countless legal papers. The family's residence was across from the University of Michigan .

Cooley traveled extensively between 1882 and 1892 before becoming an academic teacher. Among other things, he studied in Munich. He began studying mechanics, then economics, and spent two years doing a rail accident prevention study for the Interstate Commerce Commission and the social importance of trams for the Bureau of the Census . In 1890 he married Elsie Jones, daughter of the dean of Homeopathic Medical College . After six months of vacation in Italy, Cooley began his career as an academic teacher in economics at Ann Arbor . With the support of Henry Carter Adams, head of the department, he expanded his range of courses in the field of sociology in 1894/95. In the meantime he had completed his doctorate in economics with a dissertation on The Theory of Transportation .

From 1894 to 1929 Cooley gradually expanded his courses in sociology. 1913 was added a second sociologist with Warren Thompson, known from population studies. Until Cooley's death, the university had eight full-time positions in the field of sociology; but sociology was always assigned to the Faculty of Economics.

Mental conception of society

Most of what Cooley had taught became an integral part of the American conception of sociological theory. The most controversial point was his thesis (following on from preliminary social psychological work by William James , John Dewey and James Mark Baldwin ) that the individual was already mentally a social being; the conceptual juxtaposition of individual / society is misguided metaphysics. He also understood society mentally, insofar as it consists of the mental images that grow out of social interactions and communications.

"So far as the study of immediate social relations is concerned, the personal idea is the real person. That is to say, it is in this alone that one man exists for another, and acts directly upon his mind. My association with you evidently consists in the relation between my idea of you and the rest of my mind. If there is something in you that is wholly beyond this and makes no impression upon me it has no social reality in this relation. The immediate social reality is the personal idea ; nothing, it would seem, could be more obvious than this. Society then, in its immediate aspect, is a relation among personal ideas . "

In contrast, George Herbert Mead insisted that mental and social processes take place on the basis of objective reality. Only such a perspective creates a connection to theories of behavioral research.

"The Looking Glass Self"

Cooley is best known for his concept of the mirrored self-image ( looking-glass self ). He quotes Goethe , one of his favorite authors:

"Man only recognizes himself in man, only
life teaches everyone what he is."

The analogy of the mirror image is intended to show that every person builds their self-image in and through social interactions with other people:

The person imagines how they appear to the other.
She imagines how her appearance will be assessed by others.
This results in a correspondingly positive or negative self-esteem.

Works

Human Nature and the Social Order . Charles Scribner's Sons, New York 1902.
Social organization - a study of the larger mind . Charles Scribner's Sons , New York 1909.
Social process . C. Scribner's Sons , New York 1918.

Web links

Literature by and about Charles Cooley in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

^ Robert Cooley Angell: Introduction. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. pp. Vi-vii.
^ First published in: Publications of the American Association , IX, No. 3 (May 1894). Republished in: Cooley: Sociological Theory and Social Research , pp. 17-118.
^ Robert Cooley Angell: Introduction. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. pp. Xvi.
^ Cooley: Human Nature and the Social Order. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. pp. 118f.
↑ George Herbert Mead: Cooley's Contribution to Social Thought. American Journal of Sociology, XXXV, March 1930, pp. 693-706.
↑ Goethe: Tasso. Act 2, scene 3. In: Cooley: Human Nature and the Social Order. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956, p. 181.
^ Cooley: Human Nature and the Social Order. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. p. 184.

personal data
SURNAME	Cooley, Charles
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Cooley, Charles Horton (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	American sociologist
DATE OF BIRTH	17th August 1864
PLACE OF BIRTH	Ann Arbor , Michigan
DATE OF DEATH	May 7, 1929
Place of death	Ann Arbor , Michigan

[1] Robert Cooley Angell: Introduction. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. pp. Vi-vii.

[2] First published in: Publications of the American Association , IX, No. 3 (May 1894). Republished in: Cooley: Sociological Theory and Social Research , pp. 17-118.

[3] Robert Cooley Angell: Introduction. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. pp. Xvi.

[4] Cooley: Human Nature and the Social Order. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. pp. 118f.

[5] George Herbert Mead: Cooley's Contribution to Social Thought. American Journal of Sociology, XXXV, March 1930, pp. 693-706.

[6] Goethe: Tasso. Act 2, scene 3. In: Cooley: Human Nature and the Social Order. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956, p. 181.

[7] Cooley: Human Nature and the Social Order. In: The Two Major Works of Charles H. Cooley. Social organization. Human Nature and the Social Order. With an Introduction of Robert Cooley Angell. The Free Press, Glencoe, Ill. 1956. p. 184.