Cholita
As chola or (trivializing) cholita - derived from cholo - are indigenous women in Bolivia and Peru , made up, following in the 1920s from Europe to South America dress imported fashion with originally designed for men hats. The clothing of the Cholitas consists of the pollera (an overskirt ), up to 10 petticoats, the shawl and the typical hat. Cholas usually appear plump to overweight due to the many layers of clothing.
If the expression chola was once the name for the “civilized” mesticine adapted to Spanish culture , nowadays cholita can also refer to women who are of strongly indigenous origin, but who have exchanged the indigenous costume for the pollera . These skirts differ greatly in length, fabric and number of flounces depending on the region and the financial situation of the wearer.
History of the garments
A Cholita skirt consists of 6–8 meters of fabric and is worn with 4–5 centros ( petticoats ); However, they are not of indigenous origin, but were introduced by Spanish colonial rulers. The jewelry can be very expensive, it is particularly modern to have cholita gold teeth made. The scarf is called manta . Unlike today, the original cholita hat in the 19th century was that of a Spanish woman; Only around 1920 did the change to today's male hat type come about: An Italian hat manufacturer accidentally exported a large shipment of men's hats in bowler or melon style to Bolivia. The exhibits were not well received by men, however, and so the import company began to market them to poor women instead, the melons ( Spanish: Bombín) were praised as the youngest Italian women's fashion. Thus began the tradition that continues to this day.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Philipp Schauer: La Paz. La Paz 2013, ISBN 978-99954-862-6-6 , p. 16.