Christ Church (Landshut)
The Christ Church in Landshut is an Evangelical Lutheran church of the largest parish in Landshut and the deanery church of the deanery district of Landshut.
history
Thanks to the religious edict of 1803, Protestant citizens were also able to settle in Landshut in Catholic Lower Bavaria. In 1836 the first Easter service, led by Munich clergy, was celebrated in a secluded side chapel of the Dominican Church. 300 guests were present. One or two services a year, each of which had to be approved by the government, could be held in the next few years. The "community" was still a private association. In this respect, the Protestant Christians had to be incorporated into Catholic parishes, which meant for them to pay double contributions.
The hiring of an own vicar in 1846 and the ownership of a small church on the government square were realized in 1848. Now the Landshut community was a real branch of the Regensburg dean's office. This was followed by the clearing out of the Catholic parishes and the gradual recognition of the " Protestants ". The term “ Protestant ” was forbidden in old Bavaria for a long time.
By 1890 the Protestant community had 1250 members and the construction of a larger church became mandatory.
The Landshut dean's office was founded in 1949. In 1951 the Protestant parish church was named Christ Church.
Building history
The architect was Carl Lemmes (1848–1903) from Munich.
The city magistrate promises a building site on the left side of the Isar in the former wooden garden. From 1888 to 1895 three different building plans were made, as the royal district government initially required 1200 seats, later - as the building space was reduced - only 417 seats for the new building.
In 1893 the architect Carl Lemmes was commissioned to draw up plans for a church and a rectory. The city's magistrate donated the building site to the community in 1894. The land for the rectory had to be purchased.
Construction began on September 3, 1895. On June 29, 1896, the foundation stone was laid under the southern pillar of the triumphal arch. On December 8, 1897, the ceremonial inauguration of the Protestant parish church took place.
Damage to the church in March / April 1945
An American bomb destroyed the windows of the choir and the north wall. A German tank shell penetrated the south wall, the stalls and the altar were badly damaged. A cobblestone broke through the vault. When the Luitpold Bridge was blown up during the retreat of the Germans, almost all the other windows were smashed.
1st renovation in 1948
The apse arch was adorned with a monumental wall painting by Peter Gitzinger from Munich. Next to a "Byzantine" Christ Pantocrator were the four evangelist symbols.
The walls were pale yellow, and vaulted ribs, belts, capitals and pilasters were painted with a small pattern. The light fell through stained glass windows into the choir room.
2nd renovation in 1970
In 1970 an extensive renovation was carried out under the architect Reinhard Riemerschmid .
In 2013, a lift for the disabled was installed under the direction of the architect Rudi Prock. Its entrance is on the south side of the church.
Exterior construction
The exterior of our church has never been changed, even during renovations. For urban planning reasons, the Christ Church is not faced.
At that time, the city only donated the building site for the church, so the outdoor facilities around the church with the tree-shaded Martin-Luther-Platz are still urban. On the east side of the church, the 36 m high neo-Romanesque church tower rises above the double-door entrance, the helmet is designed in the style of Romanesque imperial dome.
The nave is structured by the gable sides of a suggested transept. The yellowish clinker brick on the outer walls contrasts well with the matt black of the natural slate tiles on the roof.
inner space
If you enter the church from the east side, coming through an anteroom, a simple hall church opens with three pillars decorated with capitals on both sides. Simple cross vaults span the main and side aisles. A choir with a “Romanesque” apse closes the church in the west.
The room was given its current design through a fundamental change during the 1970 renovation by the architect Reinhard Riemerschmid [5].
Improving the “catastrophic” speech acoustics was a major concern of the community. So the plastering of the walls was removed and the beautiful brickwork made visible. Only the pillars and the ceiling were given off-white. Wooden galleries were built in. The ship received a golden yellow needle felt floor.
The old church furnishings were removed. Only the neo-Gothic wing retable was placed from the apse on a pane of Kirchheim shell limestone in the border zone between the transept and the choir. This accentuation created a balanced symbiosis between old and new.
The cafeteria received a circular platform two steps higher than the crossing. This included a different arrangement of the benches. It forms an indicated semicircle.
The place of the baptismal font was chosen in the extension of the diagonal between the pulpit and the cafeteria close to the first rows of the community. Pulpit substructure and font are also made of shell limestone.
The color concept was very important to Riemerschmid. So he was often looking for contrasts: dark wenge veneer in the cafeteria and pulpit, golden-yellow carpeting that corresponds to the gold of the altarpiece, matt green benches and blue doors. The choir room and podium are laid with red-brown clinker tiles.
Altar triptych 1900
The altar triptych was designed by Ludwig von Cramer.
The Ministry of the Interior for Churches and School Matters made available 4,000 marks on "most gracious" royal approval to have this altar made. Image content, style and painter were prescribed.
The painter and church restorer Ludwig von Cramer lived in Munich. For professional and family reasons, he often stayed in Nuremberg. The altars of St. Sebaldus surely inspired him to study. The similarity between our triptych and the Sebald Haller altar cannot be overlooked.
Paul Arnold: “The altar deserves a closer look: conceived as a“ Gothic ”winged retable, it retains its evangelical simplicity compared to the originals of this genre. No plastic figurative decoration, a geometrically strict triangular gable instead of sprawling cracks, pinnacles or the like - everything concentrates on the symmetrically celebrated solemnity of the theme: the crucified, assisted by Mary and John and the princes of the church Peter and Paul on the side wings. A shimmering gold background transports the Golgotha scene to a higher level. The painter quotes the Gothic style with skillful naturalism […]; despite all the sensitivity, sober seriousness dominates here. "
organ
The organ made by Ekkehard Simon in 1973 has 43 registers with a total of 2,720 pipes . These are divided into three manuals and a pedal . The slider tray instrument has a mechanical play and electrical register action . The disposition in detail:
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Coupling : I / II, I / III, II / III, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids : 2 free combinations , 1 free pedal combination, 4 tongue holders, crescendo
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Carl Mehrmann: In memory of the foundation of the Protestant community in Landshut . Ed .: Ph. CW Schmidt in Neustadt ad A.
- ^ Gustav von Jan: General Church Annual Reports, 1891-94 and 1899 . Ed .: Archive CK, act 33.
- ↑ a b c Stadtpfarrer Wagner: At the high points of Protestant community life in Landshut. July 11, 1948 . Ed .: Archive CK, act 52.
- ↑ Reinhard Riemerschmid: On the interior renovation of the evang.-luth. Christ Church in Landshut / Isar . Church and Art Magazine 1970.
- ^ Paul Arnold: 100 years of the Christ Church . Ed .: Parish office of Christ Church Landshut. S. 17 .
- ↑ Landshut, Germany (Bavaria) - Christ Church . Online at orgbase.nl. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
Coordinates: 48 ° 32 ′ 9.1 ″ N , 12 ° 8 ′ 46 ″ E