Chromodomain

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A Chromodomain is a protein domain , the first in the Drosophila melanogaster - proteins Polycomb (Pc) and heterochromatin protein 1 has been identified (HP1).

The role of this domain in Drosophila is likely to be the transport and binding of Pc and HP1 to the heterochromatin and other chromatin components . Chromodomains thus play a role in chromatin remodeling and the formation of heterochromatin regions, especially in the silencing of genes, known as epigenetic silencing or gene silencing . Chromodomains recognize and bind N-termini that have methylated lysines . The chromodomain of Pc binds to the methylated histone modification H3K27 (histone 3, lysine 27), the HP1 chromodomain to the di- and trimethylated histone modification H3K9 (histone 3, lysine 9). Chromodomains are part of the RNA-induced transcriptional silencing complex ( RITS complex ).

Well-known proteins with chromodomains are HP1, Polycomb, the histone methyltransferase Suv (3) 9, the helicase CHD and the retinoblastoma binding protein 1 (RBP1).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DO Jones, IG Cowell, PB Singh: Mammalian chromodomain proteins: their role in genome organization and expression. In: BioEssays. Volume 22, Number 2, February 2000, pp. 124-137, ISSN  0265-9247 . doi : 10.1002 / (SICI) 1521-1878 (200002) 22: 2 <124 :: AID-BIES4> 3.0.CO; 2-E . PMID 10655032 . (Review).
  2. ↑ AJ Bannister, P. Zegerman, JF Partridge, EA Miska, JO Thomas, RC Allshire, T. Kouzarides: Selective recognition of methylated lysine 9 on histone H3 by the HP1 chromo domain. In: Nature. Volume 410, Number 6824, March 2001, pp. 120-124, ISSN  0028-0836 . doi : 10.1038 / 35065138 . PMID 11242054 .
  3. Jump up ↑ A. Verdel, S. Jia, S. Gerber, T. Sugiyama, S. Gygi, SI Grewal, D. Moazed: RNAi-mediated targeting of heterochromatin by the RITS complex. In: Science. Volume 303, Number 5658, January 2004, pp. 672-676, ISSN  1095-9203 . doi : 10.1126 / science.1093686 . PMID 14704433 . PMC 3244756 (free full text).
  4. ^ PB Singh, SD Georgatos: HP1: facts, open questions, and speculation. In: Journal of structural biology. Volume 140, Numbers 1-3, 2002 Oct-Dec, pp. 10-16, ISSN  1047-8477 . PMID 12490149 . (Review).