Citânia de Sanfins

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The Citânia de Sanfins is located about five kilometers north of Paços de Ferreira , and 30 km northeast of Porto in northern Portugal . The 15 hectare high hill settlement of the Castro culture was redesigned by the Romans and used until the Middle Ages , so that little structural substance was preserved, especially from the pre-Roman era.

Sanfins
Pedra Formosa by Sanfins
Reconstructions in Sanfins

Sanfins is one of the places in the country that has been archaeologically examined and restored several times since 1944, declared a national monument and converted into an "archaeological park". This Iron Age settlement is located in the land of the Callaeci Bracari. It was perhaps the main place of the Celtic Nemetati (from nemeton , holy place) which can be connected with the epigraphic inscriptions of the god of war Cosus Nemedecus.

settlement

The superficial structures around the highest point of the hill clearly show the influence of the Roman occupiers. In addition, round buildings with pointed roofs derived from the foundations have been reconstructed, which reflect the local tradition. In addition to these oldest wall remains on the surface, a Pedra Formosa has been preserved in the south-western outer area , which is one of the most complete in Portugal.

Finds

Pre-Roman finds include fibulae and a piece of a gold neck ring. Outstanding pieces, however, are four fragments of at least two Celtic-Lusitan warrior statues (Portuguese: "Guerreiro Lusitano"). Finds such as hinge brooches and coins date back to Roman times.

The Citânia Museum has been set up in the Casa da Igreja in Sanfins.

literature

  • Nunes Abreu: Monumentos tipo Pedra Formosa: uma interpretação. In: Jornadas Arqueológicas 5 , pp. 217-228. 1993.
  • José Manuel Coutinhas: Callaeci Bracari - aproximação à identidade etno-cultural . Postage 2006.
  • Amílcar Guerra: Nomes pré-romanos de povos e lugares do Ocidente peninsular . Lisboa 1998.
  • Thomas G. Schattner (Ed.): Archaeological guide through Portugal (= cultural history of the ancient world . Vol. 74). Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1998, ISBN 3-8053-2313-1 p. 72
  • Armando Silva: A Cultura Castreja no Noroeste de Portugal . Paços de Ferreira 1986.

Web links

Commons : Citânia de Sanfins  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 41 ° 19 ′ 23 "  N , 8 ° 23 ′ 12"  W.