Congregazione di Carità

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The Congregazione di Carità is the name given to the government institutions of the 19th century to meet the needs of the poor. In Italy, the real estate needed by the charitable and charitable institutions of the Catholic Church was incorporated into the Congregation.

history

Before the union

After the Napoleonic invasion of Italy and with the creation of the vassal states, a process of dismantling and streamlining of the church's charitable and charitable institutions began. This process led to the establishment of a governing body, the so-called Congregazione di carità .

By decree of August 3, 1803, the Vice-President of the Italian Republic , Francesco Melzi d'Eril, introduced a provisional regulation for the management and protection of the property of religious or charitable institutions.

On September 5, 1807, a decree of the Viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy , Eugene de Beauharnais , regulated public charity. The subsequent decree of December 21, 1807 established the responsibility of the Minister of the Interior, while the municipalities were responsible for the needs of hospitals, orphanages and charities. The property that previously belonged to these institutions was transferred to the Congregazione di carità , administered by righteous citizens of the municipality.

After a temporary dissolution, the congregations were reactivated by the Austrian government for the Kingdom of Lombardy-Veneto with a simplified administration.

After the union

After the national unification of Italy, Law No. 753 of August 3, 1862 (“ Rattazzi Law ”) established the Congregazione di Carità with the aim of managing goods necessary for the provision of subsidies and other services for the poor are destined. The law provided for a charity for each community. However, the actual decision on founding the organization was made independently by the city council.

The leadership of the congregation was given to a council elected or co-opted by the city council. The measure gave the municipalities the supervision of the Opera Pia and controls of its finances.

The reform law of July 17, 1890 (the so-called " Crispi Law ") obliged every congregation to set up a Congregazione di carità. Together with the provincial administrative council, it also created a body that enabled the central government to control the work of the congregations. The centralizing character of the panel was shown by the fact that the prefect presided over it.

abolition

Law No. 847 of June 3, 1937 repealed the congregations. The powers previously exercised by them were transferred to the municipal aid agencies (ECA).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archivio Opere Pie ( it ) Retrieved January 22, 2020.
  2. ↑ Matteo Banzola: Il modello manicomio . Imola 2015, p. 238 (Italian).

literature

  • A. Antoniella: L'archivio comunale postunitario. Contributo all'ordinamento degli archivi dei comuni . Giunta regional toscana e La Nuova Italia, Florence 1979 (Italian).

Laws

  • Decree August 3, 1803 (= d. 3 ago 1803)
  • Decree September 5, 1807 (= d.5 set 1807)
  • Decree December 21, 1807 (= d. 21 dic 1807)
  • Law November 20, 1859 (= November 1st, 1859)
  • Law August 3, 1862, No. 753 (= 1. 753/1862)
  • Law July 17, 1890, No. 6972 (= 1. 6972/1890)
  • Decree February 5, 1891 (= February 5, 1891)
  • Law June 3, 1937, No. 847 (= l. 847/1937)

Web links