Cornwallis clove apple

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Cornwallis clove apple
Cornish gillyflower.jpg
Art Cultivated apple ( Malus domestica )
group Calville
origin Truro , Cornwall
breeder unknown
Breeding year 1800
Launch 1813
ancestry

Random seedling

List of apple varieties

The Cornwalliser clove apple , also Cornish Gilliflower or Cornish Gillyflower , Red Gilliflower , Calville d 'Angleterre or clove apple is a variety of the cultivated apple ( Malus domestica ). The chance seedling discovered in a garden in Cornwall is suitable for storage and has an intense floral aroma. The Calville is therefore particularly suitable as a table apple.

Although the apple is comparatively undemanding to grow and has been a fanatic apple for 200 years, the clove apple was never grown on a commercial scale. The main reason for this is the small amount of fruit that a tree bears.

description

The fruits are comparatively large and red in color on a green background. Their shape is conical and clearly ribbed, almost symmetrical in the longitudinal axis. The pulp itself is cream-colored and firm. Only after a long period of storage does the pulp become tender and therefore easier to eat. The peel of the apple is smooth and only slightly rusted . It also has only a few brownish spots.

The fruits grow on the tips of the branches. The tree is diploid and is therefore suitable for pollinating other trees. It blooms medium to late in Europe. The leaves are small, oval and narrow. They are dark on the top and light green on the underside.

The harvest is late in the season and takes place in Austria in the second half of October. The trees only bear a few apples. Compared to other varieties, the apple trees are medium to none in size, and only bear moderate fruit.

In Germany, apples are ripe for consumption in fresh storage between December and March. It is a classic winter apple that only reaches its full aroma from Christmas onwards. The flesh is sweet and aromatic, its striking smell is reminiscent of flowers. Mainly because of its aroma, Hogg describes it in 1860 as “one of the best apples.” The Royal Horticultural Society expressed itself similarly in the catalog of the plants in their garden in 1842: “Does not bear well. But the best of all apples. "

Name and origin

The English name Cornish Gilli Flower stems, according to Robert Hogg from a corruption of the French word girofle - the country Elke - at the scent of freshly cut apple recalls. The German name, in turn, is a direct translation of it.

Exactly when the apple was bred is unknown. In Cornwall, farmers used to raise seedlings which they then incorporated into their farm hedges. Apples, which particularly proved themselves in terms of taste, were passed on and propagated. However, they rarely left their local place of origin in Cornwall. The Cornwallis clove apple was one of the few apples that became known outside of Cornwall for its intense taste.

He became known beyond Truro in Cornwall in 1813 when Sir Christopher Hawkins discovered him and sent him to the Royal Horticultural Society . In his cover letter, he stated that the apple was found in Cornwall 10 or 15 years ago. The July flower apple , as it was called back then, has a very noticeable pleasant scent. Hawkins particularly praised the taste of the fruit. This recommended the apple to its members and awarded Hawkins a silver medal for his efforts.

The apple spread quickly, so that as early as 1826 the Royal Horticultural Society received news of the cultivation in Bollwiller , Alsace, under the name Calville d 'Angleterre . In Germany it was still considered a "new variety" in 1841.

The Cornish Pine variety , which is characterized by a similar taste to the clove apple, is believed to come from the Cornwallis clove apple.

Web links

Commons : Cornwalliser Clove Apple  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ A b Philip McMillan Browse: Heligan: Fruit, Flowers and Herbs Alison Hodge Publishers, 2005 ISBN 0906720400 p. 83
  2. ↑ a b c d Johann Georg Dittrich: Systematic manual of fruit science, together with instructions for fruit tree cultivation and appropriate use of the fruit , third volume Jena 1841 preview on Google Books
  3. ↑ a b c d Cornish Gilliflower , orangpippin.com
  4. ^ A b c John Thomas: American Fruit Culturist Applewood Books, 2009 ISBN 1429013303 p. 458
  5. ↑ a b c Th. Engelbrecht: Germany's apple varieties (PDF; 253 kB) , Braunschweig 1889
  6. ↑ Recommended fruit varieties from Upper Austria (PDF; 88 kB)
  7. ^ Robert Hogg: The Fruit Manual: Containing the Descriptions and Synonymes of the Fruits and Fruit Trees Commonly Met with in the Gardens and Orchards of Great Britain, with Selected Lists of Those Most Worthy of Cultivation , 1860 reprint Cambridge University Press, 2011 ISBN 1108039456
  8. ^ Royal Horticultural Society: A Catalog of the Fruits Cultivated in the Garden of the Horticultural Society of London , London 1842 Preview on Google Books
  9. ↑ Philip McMillan Browse: Heligan: Fruit, Flowers and Herbs Alison Hodge Publishers, 2005 ISBN 0906720400 p. 77
  10. ↑ Christopher Stocks: Forgotten Fruits: The stories behind Britain's traditional fruit and vegetables , Random House, 2009 ISBN 1409061973
  11. ↑ John Lindley: Pomologia Britannica: Or, Figures and Descriptions of the Most Important Varieties of Fruit Cultivated in Great Britain , Volume 3 1841; Entry Cornish Gilliflower Preview on Google Books
  12. ^ Joan Morgan: The New Book Of Apples Ebury Publishing, 2013 ISBN 1448177367 , entry Cornish Pine