Corpora cardiaca
The corpora cardiaca (Singular Corpus cardiacum ) are paired hormonal glands of the insects , which are located behind the upper pharyngeal ganglion . They are the most important neurohemal organ in insects. The name is derived from the positional relationship to the heart (Latin corpus 'body' and Latinized Greek cardia 'heart').
Three main nerve bundles ( Nervi corporis cardiaci , NCC I, II and III) run from the brain into the corpora cardiaca. NCC I arises from the medial neuroendocrine cells of the protocerebrum , NCC II from the lateral ones, and NCC III from the tritocerebrum . The nervi corporis allati I belong to the corpora allata , which also belong to the neurohemal organs .
In the corpora cardiaca, peptide hormones formed by neurosecretory cells of the insect brain are activated, stored and released into the hemolymph in a controlled manner through the conversion of precursor molecules. These include, for example, insulin-related peptides (IRP) such as bombyxin and adipokinetic hormones (AKH), which regulate fat and energy metabolism via the concentration of carbohydrates in the hemolymph . In addition, the hormones corazonin and eclosion hormone are released to the hemolymph, neuropeptides that are an important part of the signal cascade that induce molting processes such as the hatching of adults from the pupa .
Web links
- Corpora cardiaca in the compact dictionary of biology
Individual evidence
- ^ A b H. Frederik Nijhout: Insect Hormones . Princeton University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-691-05912-8 , p. 11.
- ↑ Katharina Munk: Zoology . Georg Thieme Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-13-162171-9 , p. 912.
- ↑ David J. Randall, Warren Burggren, Kathleen French: Tierphysiologie . Georg Thieme Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-13-664004-7 .