Crespi effect
The Crespi effect ( English Crespi effect ) is part of the behavioristic learning theory and states that small rewards ( incentives ) lead to a reinforcement of the behavior before a larger reward than if this happens in reverse order. In some cases, the latter can even be perceived as a punishment . The effect was named in 1942 after the American social psychologist Leo Paul Crespi .
Investigation of the effect
Social psychologist Leo Paul Crespi trained two groups of rats to walk a long distance to a food reward. The first group received a big reward and therefore ran faster. The second group received a small reward and therefore ran much slower. Crepsi later switched the size of the rewards for the two groups. The result was that rats that had already received a large reward ran slower than the rats that had not yet received one. They ran faster now.
Aftermath
Clark L. Hull published a neo-behavioristic drive theory on stimulus reactions ( Hull's law ) in 1943 and changed it in his later works due to the Crespi effect. Here he only considered the habit strength as a function of the number of reinforcements and adapted his theory accordingly.
literature
- LP Crespi: Quantitative variation in incentive and performance in the white rat. At the. J. Psychol., 55 (1942) 467-517.
- Lorenz Fischer, Günter Wiswede: Fundamentals of social psychology. ISBN 978-3-486-84782-6
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Crespi Effect - Lexicon of Psychology . ( Spektrum.de [accessed December 26, 2017]).
- ^ Dorsch Lexikon der Psychologie - Verlag Hans Huber - keyword detail page. Retrieved December 26, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Oliver Walter: Late phase. Retrieved December 26, 2017 .