Crispening effect

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The crispening effect is an optical effect that is characterized by the fact that the perceived color difference between two colors is increased by a similar background. The word crispening comes from the English language and in this context means something like 'clear / crunchy / crispy'.

description

Example of the crispening effect. The two color fields in the three squares differ only slightly in color (# 6C8875 above, compared to # 597361 below). In all squares, both the top and bottom rectangles are completely identical. In an environment with a large color contrast to the rectangles (left and right squares), they can hardly be distinguished from one another. In contrast, the color difference becomes very clear in an environment with a color point between the two colors (# 627D6A, see center of the picture).

The way in which the brightness of a light stimulus is perceived depends not only on the properties of the light stimulus itself, but also on the environment of the light stimulus. A surface can appear differently bright depending on the background brightness: lighter with a dark background than with a light background. If the background brightness and the brightness of the light stimulus assume similar values, the crispening effect can be observed: with two very similar light stimuli, their difference in brightness is perceived more strongly if the value of the background brightness lies between those of the two light stimuli.

The crispening effect was scientifically investigated towards the end of the 1960s, mainly by the Japanese Hiroshi Takasaki and the American Carl C. Semmelroth.

further reading

  • JH Xin, CC Lam, MR Luo: Evaluation of the crispening effect using CRT-displayed color samples. In: Color Research & Application. 29, 2004, pp. 374-380, doi : 10.1002 / col.20045 .
  • N. Belaid, J.-B. Martens: Gray scale, the "crispening effect", and perceptual linearization. In: Signal Processing. 70, 1998, pp. 231–245,
  • ME McCourt, B. Blakeslee: Contrast-matching analysis of grating induction and suprathreshold contrast perception. In: Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision. Volume 11, Number 1, January 1994, pp. 14-24, ISSN  1084-7529 . PMID 8106910 . doi : 10.1016 / S0165-1684 (98) 00126-1 .
  • P. Whittle: Brightness, discriminability and the "crispening effect". In: Vision research. Volume 32, Number 8, August 1992, pp. 1493-1507, ISSN  0042-6989 . doi : 10.1016 / 0042-6989 (92) 90205-W PMID 1455722 .
  • PL Emerson, CC Semmelroth: Filter model for lightness and brightness on different backgrounds. In: Journal of the Optical Society of America. Volume 65, Number 10, October 1975, pp. 1101-1105, ISSN  0030-3941 . PMID 1185294 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ B. Laugwitz: Brightness Perception: The Crispening Effect. (PDF; 168 kB) In: In D. Janetzko, M. Hildebrandt, HA Meyer (Hrsg.): The experimental psychological internship in the laboratory and WWW. Hogrefe-Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-801-71427-6 , pp. 247-255.
  2. ↑ M. Birthel, D. Dolle, A. Fischer: The "crispening effect" in chromatic colors. (PDF; 117 kB) Experimental psychology internship WS 2003/2004, University of Mannheim
  3. ↑ H. Takasaki: Lightness Change of Grays Induced by Change in Reflectance of Gray Background. In: Journal of the Optical Society of America. 56, 1966, p. 504, doi : 10.1364 / JOSA.56.000504 .
  4. ^ H. Takasaki: Chromatic Changes Induced by Changes in Chromaticity of Background of Constant Lightness. In: Journal of the Optical Society of America. 57, 1967, p. 93, doi : 10.1364 / JOSA.57.000093 .
  5. ^ CC Semmelroth: Prediction of Lightness and Brightness on Different Backgrounds. In: Journal of the Optical Society of America. 60, 1970, p. 1685, doi : 10.1364 / JOSA.60.001685 .