DM-12 PARM
The DM12 PARM 1 ( German model , PARM stands for anti-tank assembly mine ) is an anti-tank assembly mine that was developed to destroy armored vehicles with a hollow charge .
development
The PARM 1 was developed in the 1980s as an "off-route" mine by the armaments company MBB . It was tested between March 1983 and March 1988 and approved for use in June 1988. The PARM 1 also fulfills the American MIL-STD-331 A (test of detonators and components) and MIL-STD-810 C (high temperature test). The delivery to the Bundeswehr took place from 1991, which it introduced as DM12 PARM 1 . After the takeover of MBB, the mine was manufactured by the Daimler-Benz group until 1998 . Due to public pressure, the further development PARM 2 was discontinued in 1998. The DM-12 PARM 1 is still part of the Bundeswehr.
Structure and effect
In principle, the DM12 PARM is an autonomous, sensor-controlled bazooka , which can be set up on a tripod at roadsides or in trenches to secure roads and paths ( off-route ). The mine has a 40 m long fiber optic cable, which is kinked or broken when rolled over by a heavy vehicle. This changes the signal received in the control electronics and triggers the mine. The PARM then shoots a recoil-free projectile at the respective target, which ignites a shaped charge on impact. The shaped charge hits the vehicle at a point that is weakly armored in most of the targets, namely the side trough in the area of the rollers or wheels. Due to the length of the fiber optic cable, the vehicle can be at a maximum distance of 40 m. However, the projectile head itself and the counter mass ejected to the rear have a maximum range and thus a danger area of 500 m each.
As an alternative, a passive infrared sensor, or SPIR for short, was also developed, which should also be used in a similar form (SAPIR) with the PARM-2. The maximum possible distance increased with this to 60 m, the mine is independent of the optical fiber. The technology is on standby to compensate for the increased power consumption. It only becomes active when the acoustic sensor, a dynamic microphone that can suppress wind noise or gunshot noises, reacts to the engine noise of tanks or heavy wheeled vehicles. The direction and speed were determined with the help of infrared sensors and infrared optics. When the ideal time to shoot was reached, the mine was triggered. In the further development of the PARM-2, the length of the vehicle was also a decisive factor in whether it was fought or not. The further developed sensor system also had a vehicle count, the mine only responded to the second, third or any later vehicle. It is not known whether the infrared sensor for the PARM-1 was introduced to the Bundeswehr.
Once set up, the mine can be used at one location for a maximum of 40 days, after which it switches off.
Technical data PARM 1
- Manufacturer: formerly MBB , Daimler until 1998
- Weight: 10 kg
- Diameter: 128 mm
- Height: 39 cm
- Weight of the explosive charge: 1.5 kg HEAT (High Explosive Anti Tank)
- Detonator: sensor wire
- Range: min. 2 m; Max. 40 m (60 m with infrared sensor system)