Daily worker
The Daily Worker was a newspaper published by the Communist Party of the United States from 1924 to 1956 in New York. It mostly represented the party's opinion, but tried every now and then to open up to a wider left-wing discourse. In its prime, it had a circulation of 35,000 copies. Well-known authors included Robert Minor and Fred Ellis as cartoonists, Lester Rodney (Sports Department), David Karr, Richard Wright, John L. Spivak, Peter Fryer, Woody Guthrie and Louis Budenz.
The 1930s
At the time of the Popular Front in the 1930s, when the Communist Party announced that "Communism would become the Americanism of the 20th century," and placed itself in the tradition of Washington and Lincoln , the newspaper broadened its spectrum to include arts and entertainment . In 1935 a sports page was added under the editorship of Lester Rodney . Here the enthusiasm for sport was combined with social criticism - a desegregation (abolition of the separation between black and white) of professional sport was often demanded.
McCarthyism
The daily worker had recurring difficulties with financing and sales. Many kiosks refused to sell the newspaper. The sharp anti-communism of the 1950s under Senator Joseph McCarthy exacerbated these problems.
In response to Stalinism and fearing persecution by the local authority HUAC (Committee on Un-American Activities), membership in the Communist Party had dropped to 20,000 in 1956.
The Hungarian uprising
The final blow came with the evaluation of the Hungarian uprising in 1956. First the Hungarian revolution was advocated. The editor John Gates opened the paper for discussion. However, the fact that the paper finally approved the suppression of the uprising by Soviet troops under pressure from the party leadership, led to a split in the Communist Party, in which there were strong differences of opinion about the assessment of the Soviet invasion. About half of the members left the party in this context, including Gates and many employees of the newspaper.
The party survived the split, but the newspaper was shut down on January 13, 1958. The reason for this is also given that the comparatively liberal view of the editor Gates, who advocated Khrushchev's criticism of Stalinism, thus found no further distribution.
successor
From 1958 to 1968 she published a weekly newspaper called The Worker , and from 1961 to 1968 also a Tuesday edition called The Midweek Worker . In 1968 there was another New York newspaper called The Daily World . In 1986 it was merged with the West Coast party's weekly newspaper, People's World . The new People's Daily World appeared from 1987 to 1991 when the production of a daily newspaper was discontinued. Today the Communist Party of the United States publishes People's Weekly World .
Daily worker in the UK
A newspaper called the Daily Worker was also founded by the British Communist Party in 1930 . In 1966 it was renamed Morning Star , which is still published daily to this day.
imprint
1920s
- Maurice Becker, cartoonist
- Jacob Burck, cartoonist
- Walt Carmon, circulation manager
- Whittaker Chambers
- Kyle Crichton as "Robert Forsythe" (father of Robert Crichton)
- Paul Crouch
- Samuel Adams Darcy
- Fred Ellis, cartoonist
- Harry Freeman
- Sender Garlin
- Hugo Gellert, caricaturist
- Mike Gold , editorial
- Jolan Gross-Bettelheim, cartoonist
- LE Katterfeld ("New York representative")
- Robert Minor, cartoonist
- Richard B. Moore
- Harvey O'Connor ("effective editor")
- Moissaye Joseph Olgin
1930s
- Robert Bendiner
- Richard O. Boyer
- Louis F. Budenz, managing editor
- Ben Burns
- Benjamin J. Davis Jr., editor
- Theodore Dreiser
- Nelson Frank
- Harry Gannes, foreign editor
- Eugene Gordon
- Woody Guthrie , "Woody Sez", editorial writer for People's World
- Clarence Hathaway, editor
- Syd Hoff, cartoonist
- Jacob Kainen, cartoonist
- Sergey Nikolaevich Kurnakov
- Edna Lewis
- Walter Lowenfels
- Samuel Putnam
- Lester Rodney, Sporting Goods
- Howard Rushmore
- Ryan Walker, cartoonist
- Marguerite Young (journalist), Washington David Chambers bureau chief
1940s
- Edith Anderson- Schröder, culture editor
- Bill Mardo
- Alexander Saxton
1950s
- John Gates
- Si Gerson, executive editor