Decartellation

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Dekartellierung (Americanized and more frequently: Dekartell is ation ) is a government policy to resolve antitrust structures in the economy.

history

Until the Second World War, the term 'de-cartelization' was unknown. In the European economy the cartelization or cartel movement was effective - in a constructive way . Decomposition or dismantling measures were referred to as cartel breach , cartel dissolution or cartel ban . The United States had antitrust legislation.

The term 'decartelization' emerged during World War II as a US political program aimed at breaking down cartel structures around the world. In particular, the war opponents Japan and Germany should be restructured economically.

Implementation in Germany

For Germany, which was recognized as the heartland of “cartelism”, the Potsdam Agreement of July 1945 resolved: “[…] the German economy shall be decentralized for the purpose of eliminating the present excessive concentration of economic power as exemplified in particular by cartels, syndicates, trusts and other monopolistic arrangements. "

In the course of this policy, large corporations such as IG Farben and the United Steel Works were broken up. The banking system was unbundled.

Measures to suppress entrepreneurial cooperation, i.e. real cartels , complemented the change in corporate structures and ownership structures.

Implementation abroad

In Japan, the Zaibatsu , powerful group conglomerates, were dissolved at the end of the 1940s .

The USA carried out extensive propaganda work for its neoliberal economic system in the western world. In France, for example, this led to a considerable resentment at these attempts at paternalism.

literature

  • Cahn-Garnier, Fritz: Dekartellierung der Banken, in: Deutsche Finanzwirtschaft, Vol. 1.1947, 6, pp. 9-14.
  • Dilley, Charles A .: Objectives of the Decartellization Program [translation from English], in: Der Wirtschaftsspiegel, Vol. 2, 1947, pp. 428-430.
  • Freyer, Tony A .: Antitrust and global capitalism 1930-2004 . New York 2006.
  • Günther, Eberhard, Dekartellierung , in: Hans-Jürgen Schlochauer , et alii (Ed.), Dictionary des Völkerrechts, Vol. 1, Berlin 1960, pp. 321-324.
  • Maddox, Robert Franklin: The War within World War II. The United States and International Cartels, Westport 2001.
  • Merrill, Dennis (Ed.): Documentary history of the Truman presidency. Vol. 3: United States policy in occupied Germany after World War II: denazification, decartelization, demilitarization, and democratization, Bethesda / Md. 1995.
  • Schröter, Harm G .: Kartellierung und Dekartellierung 1890 - 1990. In: Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, 81 (1994), 4, pp. 457–493.
  • Tamplin, Mary: Decartelisation: the final rounds, in: Cartel, Vol. 3.1953, No. 3, pp. 82-88.
  • Wells, Wyatt C .: Antitrust and the Formation of the Postwar World . New York 2002.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to Duden, permissible and even more frequent. However, German lexicons usually support the term de- cartelization as a compound to cartelization . For example Gabler's economic encyclopedia: entry 'de-cartelation'
  2. ↑ Frequency comparison between de-cartelization and de-cartelization , Google Ngram Viewer, accessed April 28, 2018
  3. ↑ The variant cartel is ation 'is rare.
  4. ↑ Protocol of the Proceedings of the Berlin (Potsdam) Conference, July 17-August 2 1945, Conclusions, in: Homepage Yale Law School, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/decade17.asp , March 12 2011.