German Boy Scout Association (1911–1933)
The German Scout Association (DPB) was established on January 18, 1911 German Scout Association , with initially strong scoutistisch -militärischer orientation, after the First World War to the Bund Youth hinwendete. In 1933 the federal government was banned and dissolved in the course of the conformity of German society by the National Socialists.
history
The German Scout Association was founded on January 18, 1911 in Berlin, making it the first ever scout association in Germany. It quickly developed into a mass organization with up to 90,000 members.
The first Reichsfeldmeister (federal leader) was Maximilian Bayer , the first federal symbol, the so-called chessboard, which was awarded to the DPB by Kaiser Wilhelm II . Initially, the DPB was strongly influenced by the military, both in terms of organization, but also in terms of content and management personnel.
When the DPB was to be rebuilt after the lost First World War , a conflict arose between the veteran executives, who had mostly served in the war and wanted to rebuild the DPB in its old form, and the innovators, who are now more focused on the Wandervogel wanted to orientate.
The two major renewal movements of the Federation were the Young German and the New German Boy Scouts, the latter adopted the so-called Prunner Vow in 1919 at the first leadership conference after the war at Prunn Castle in Altmühltal :
“We scouts want to be young and happy and lead our lives with purity and inner truthfulness.
We want to be ready with words and deeds wherever there is a need to promote a good and just cause.
We want to obey our leaders whom we trust. "
Although Baron von Seckendorff, a man from the old generation of leaders, was elected as the new Reichsfeldmeister at a leadership conference in Eisenach in October 1919 , both renewal movements remained in the Bund for the time being until 1920 the leaders of the new scouts Martin Voelkel and Ludwig Habbel were excluded from the Bund and young Germans and New German Boy Scouts founded the Bund Deutscher Neupfadfinder (BDN) in 1921 .
Another, but more moderate, renewal movement in the DPB, the Ringgemeinschaft, left the Association of German Ring Scouts in 1922 , although a new federal constitution was passed at the Bundestag in Bad Sachsa in the same year. Instead of the old uniform, there was now a (scout-typical) costume with a green shirt and scarf, and a white spearhead on a black background was chosen as the new federal symbol.
A new federal leader had to be elected as early as May 1922 because Baron von Seckendorff resigned. In 1923 he left with like-minded people who did not want to participate in the turn towards the Bündische Jugend , and founded the German Scout Association . The new federal leader, now under the name of Reichsvogt , was Hanns Ries, who until then had been Federal Chancellor of the DPB.
Further splits followed; they led to a highly fragmented scout movement in Germany during the Weimar Republic , but the DPB remained one of the largest leagues in the Reich until the leagues were banned in 1933.
In 1928 a joint foreign office was founded together with the Federation of German Scouts and the Colonial Scouts , headed by Eberhard Plewe (DPB). Out of this, the German Scout Association finally developed in 1929 , to which the DPB and six other associations (including CP and German Freischar ) merged in order to achieve admission to the World Scout Association.
In 1931 Eberhard Koebel (Tusk) and his dj 1.11. accepted into the DPB, but this association broke up again in the same year.
As the pressure of the National Socialists on the leagues increased, the DPB and other leagues of the youth movement (including the German Freischar and Reichsschaft Deutscher Pfadfinder ) joined forces on April 2, 1933 to form the Greater German Confederation in order to deal with the threat of a large association and common appearance Prohibition to prevent, which did not succeed. On June 17, 1933, the DPB, together with all other leagues of the Greater German Confederation, was banned by the Reich Youth Leadership .
See also
literature
- Franz Ludwig Habbel: The world scout movement . The White Knight Publishing House, Regensburg 1921
- Werner Kindt: The German youth movement 1920 to 1933. The Bundische time. Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Düsseldorf, Cologne 1974, ISBN 3-424-00527-4
- Rudolf Kneip : Youth in the Weimar Period. Handbook of Youth Associations 1919–1938. dipa-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1st edition 1974, ISBN 3-7638-0211-8
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Werner Kindt: The German Youth Movement 1920 to 1933. The Bundische Zeit. Eugen Diederichs Verlag, Düsseldorf, Cologne 1974, ISBN 3-424-00527-4 , p. 346 ff.