Thick bed process

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The thick-bed method is the application or laying of ceramic tiles and slabs as well as concrete, natural and artificial stone slabs in technical terminology, with a layer thickness of 10 to 20 mm minimum mortar thickness on wall surfaces and 20–30 mm on floor coverings.

Dickbett indicates the thickness of the application and laying mortar used. In the case of mortar thicknesses that are thinner than the above mentioned, one speaks of medium and thin bed methods . On vertical surfaces (e.g. wall surfaces) one speaks of attachment, on horizontal surfaces (e.g. floors) of laying the materials. Thick bed installation is the older installation method. Laying the middle bed is a specific adhesive technique primarily for floor areas. Due to the special type of composition of the powdery adhesive (including coarser aggregates , tension-free setting up to an average of 20 mm application thickness), a. larger bumps in the subsurface are compensated. Large panel formats can be securely installed without large voids between the adhesive bed and the back of the tile.

Types of mortar

With thick bed laying, the mortar is made manually on the construction site from the aggregate sand and the binding agent cement. In the medium and thin-bed process , industrially produced mortar is used, which is usually supplied in powder form in bags.

Connection of materials

With the thick bed method, the cement present in the mixing water of the mortar is drawn together with the water into the capillaries of the substrate and the laying material (cohesion). When the cement contained in the cement water solidifies, the materials enter into a firm, non-positive connection.

In the case of medium and thin-bed installation, the materials are connected by gluing (adhesion). In the case of hydraulically hardening thin-bed adhesives, this happens e.g. B. through the natural adhesive power of the cement, supported by the additives contained in the thin-bed mortars. Quartz sands serve as a filler for the thin-bed mortar.

laying

The tiles are rubbed and knocked on the wall individually with mortar, or individually inserted / knocked in on the floor in strips or a mortar bed drawn out with the lath. Existing unevenness in the subsurface can be leveled out in this way. In the case of larger unevenness, a rough leveling plaster must be applied to wall surfaces or a leveling screed to floor surfaces before laying.

Laying material

Materials with a high water absorption capacity are mainly suitable for laying thick beds.

The medium- and thin-bed process was developed, among other things, in order to achieve or improve the durability of coverings made of materials with low water absorption capacity (porcelain stoneware tiles, glass, plastics, material with a very smooth back) . This process allows time-saving laying and the use of modern, large-format materials.

literature

  • Ernst Ulrich Niemer: Practical manual tiles. Material, planning, construction, processing. Cologne: Rudolf-Müller-Verlag 2003. ISBN 3481019211
  • Gerhard Büchner, Joachim Krause, Karlheinz Stephan: Tiling work. Cologne: Rudolf-Müller-Verlag 1990 ISBN 3788073233
  • Günter Dinort: Specialized technology with building materials knowledge for tile, slab and mosaic layers. Cologne: Rudolf-Müller-Verlag 2001 ISBN 3481010311
  • Frick / Knöll / Neumann / Weinbrenner: Building Design Part 1 . BG Teubner: Stuttgart 1992. p. 431, p. 433 f. ISBN 3519252503