Direct carving

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Direct carving (English for "direct cutting", French "taille directe") describes a method of stone and wood carving in which the artist works out the shapes in stone or wood directly, i.e. without an artistic template .

history

In contrast to direct carving , it was common in the 18th and 19th centuries to prepare a 1: 1 model as a preliminary work for a sculpture. This model was usually molded from a plastic material such as clay , wax or plaster of paris; this made corrections possible again and again. Only after the actual artistic creation process had been completed was the form transferred to stone or wood using a mechanical reproduction process . It was customary to delegate this rough preparatory work to assistants.

Just as Impressionist painting, which emerged in the late 19th century, tried to break away from the formulaic painting of the academies, so too was the search for new, direct forms of expression in sculpture. Some Parisian avant-garde artists , above all the Romanian-French sculptor Constantin Brâncuși , therefore worked in the “taille directe” in the first decade of the 20th century. The attempt was made to leave the established style of Auguste Rodin behind. The influence of non-European art also played a role in this change.

A similar trend arose in England with John Ruskin as spiritual father. Ruskin called for the fairness of materials and quality of craftsmanship in art.

present

In the wood sculpture work directly today with the ax or chainsaw popular.

literature

  • Bohumil Teplý: sculptural reproduction . Ulm 1973.
  • Rudolf Wittkower: Sculpture: Process and principles. Harmondsworth 1977, ISBN 0-14-013701-7 .
  • Judith Zilczer: The Theory of Direct Carving in Modern Sculpture Oxford Art Journal 4, no. 2 (Nov. 1981), 44-9

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