Doliola
Doliola (from Latin doliolum "the little barrel") was the name of a place in ancient Rome .
According to Varro , the doliola were near the Cloaca Maxima . They were buried vessels with which various stories were already connected for Varro. Either they were grave vessels with the remains of human burials (ossa cadaverum) or the vessels contained sacred objects that cannot be identified, which once belonged to the king of early Roman times , Numa Pompilius , and were buried there after his death. It was forbidden to spit in this place, a custom that was particularly applied to ward off evil.
According to Livy , the doliola served as a hiding place for utensils that the Vestal Virgins took when the Gauls invaded in 387 BC. BC could no longer be brought to safety. In his version, the place of hiding was a small sanctuary next to the house of the flamen Quirinalis, and spitting out was forbidden there even in his time. Festus also makes the connection with the Gauls storm, but leaves open which devices of which deities were buried. In Livy's report, the Vestals were on their way from the Temple of Vesta to the Pons Sublicius when they buried the objects.
The location of the Doliola is unclear. It used to be assumed that they were to be looked for in the Forum Boarium , since the escape route of the Vestals probably led along the vicus Tuscus and thus more or less parallel to the Cloaca Maxima via the Forum Boarium. Since it was conceivable that they contained human burials, they should also have been outside the pomerium . Friedrich von Duhn , however, postulated their proximity to the Temple of Vesta. Not far from the temple, the vicus Tuscus started between the Temple of Castor and the Basilica of Julia .
Filippo Coarelli and Klaus Stefan Freyberger combine the Doliola with a foundation from opus caementicium in the Roman Forum . This 11.70 × 6.20 meter foundation has three rectangular travertine bases with rectangular inlet holes and is located directly south of the location assumed for the colossal equestrian statue of Domitian . In this area the Cloaca Maxima crosses under the forum. Others see these inlet holes as the locations of three pillars that Augustus had erected from the melt of captured ship's beaks after his victory over Egypt .
literature
- Filippo Coarelli : Doliola. In: Eva Margareta Steinby (Ed.): Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae . Volume 2. Quasar, Rome 1995, p. 20 f.
- Samuel Ball Platner , Thomas Ashby : A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome . Oxford University Press, London 1929, pp. 153 f. ( online ).
- Lawrence Richardson : A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome . Thames and Hudson, London 1992, ISBN 0-8018-4300-6 , p. 111 sv Doliola.
Remarks
- ↑ Varro, de lingua Latina 5,157 .
- ↑ Varro, de lingua Latina 5,157.
- ^ Livius, ab urbe condita 5,40,8 ( English ).
- ↑ Festus 69 ( French ).
- ^ Friedrich von Duhn : Italische Gräberkunde. Volume 1. Carl Winter, Heidelberg 1924, p. 416.
- ^ Filippo Coarelli: Doliola. In: Eva Margareta Steinby (Ed.): Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae . Volume 2. Quasar, Rome 1995, pp. 20 f .; the same: Roma. 4th edition. Laterza, Bari 2012, p. 81; Klaus Stefan Freyberger: The Roman Forum. Mirror of the city history of ancient Rome. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 2009, p. 12.
- ^ Cairoli Fulvio Giuliani, Patrizia Verduchi: L'Area Centrale del Foro Romano. Olschki, Florenz 1987, pp. 118–122 (on the location of the equestrian statue); Pp. 133–139 (on the location of the cementitious foundation).
- ↑ Domenico Palombi: Columnae Rostratae Augusti. In: Archeologia Classica. Volume 45, 1993, pp. 326-329; following him Yvonne Schmuhl: Roman victory monuments from the republican era. Investigations into origins, manifestations and monument policy. Kovač, Hamburg 2008, p. 149 f .; Susanne Muth : Historical dimensions of built space - the Roman Forum as a case study. In: Ortwin Dally , Tonio Hölscher , Susanne Muth, Rolf Schneider (eds.): Media of history - ancient Greece and Rome. De Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2014, pp. 285–329, here: p. 308.