Third Republic (Austria)

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A state concept represented by the FPÖ under Jörg Haider was designated as the Third Republic . The term originally developed by the Styrian People's Party gained notoriety after its takeover by the FPÖ and the subsequent criticism of the concept characterized as the “Führer state”.

characterization

According to both the Styrian People's Party, whose concept was barely received, and the FPÖ, the constitution of the Third Republic should have the main goals of a powerful executive, tailored to a person, the expansion of direct democracy and the abolition of social partnership .

The concept of the FPÖ was in u. a. by Lothar Höbelt and Wilhelm Braun Eder co-authored, the Freedom Education Center , published in 1994 manifesto "Because the country needs to change! On the way to the Third Republic ”published and further developed by Haider in his book“ The freedom that I mean ”. Haider emphasized his intention to rebuild the constitutional state structures. The cabinet should be downsized and ousted. According to Haider, representative democracy should be replaced by a presidential system, parties would no longer have a right to exist in its system, the interior and defense ministries should be merged, and a labor service in the form of compulsory service for men and women should be introduced. In the field of culture Haider proclaimed: "Without value-defending Kulturkampf it is not possible to overcome left cultural fascism." The Freedom Educational Organization founded a Kulturforum Freie Kunst , headed by Walter Marinovic , which pursued similar reform ideas. At the same time, the FPÖ pursued a restrictive cultural policy, Karin Praxmarer spoke out against the freedom of art , which she believed to be “socialist” , and Kriemhild Trattnig called for the removal of subsidies for artists “whose works violated popular feeling”. Both Haider and the Freiheitliche Bildungswerk spoke out in favor of pushing back social partners and trade unions. As part of his state restructuring program, Haider intended to install an education system that would produce fewer high school graduates and academics. Haider's state restructuring plans are considered to be inspired by the contacts he made to the right-wing conservative milieu there while traveling to the USA.

criticism

Criticism of the concept of the Third Republic focused on the issue of the strong leader figure, a position that, in the opinion of his critics, Haider himself wanted to take. The demand for an expansion of direct democracy within a third republic was accused of advocating a dismantling of representative parliamentary democracy in favor of an authoritarian president who relies on plebiscites. Brigitte Bailer-Galanda saw the intended amalgamation of the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Defense as "a peculiarity of dictatorships that act against enemies from outside and inside with equal severity". Hans-Henning Scharsach and Kurt Kuch saw in Haider's argument for a Third Republic parallels to the political course of the NSDAP before it came to power.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Oliver Minich: The Freedom Party of Austria as an opposition party in the Haider era: strategy, program, internal structure. Malstätter contributions from society, science, politics and culture: 2003. p. 47
  2. ↑ Oliver Minich: The Freedom Party of Austria as an opposition party in the Haider era: strategy, program, internal structure. Malstätter contributions from society, science, politics and culture: 2003. p. 48
  3. ↑ Brigitte Bailer-Galanda : Haider literally. Leader in the Third Republic. Löcker Verlag: 1995. P. 68
  4. ↑ Hans-Henning Scharsach , Kurt Kuch : Haider. Shadow over Europe, Kiepenheuer & Witsch: 2000. S. 142
  5. ↑ Thomas Assheuer: Volksgemeinschaft. In: Zeit Online. February 10, 2000, accessed October 25, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Christian Kern: Shit dogs and völkisch porn. In: Harry Schranz: move to the right. Zukunft Verlag: 1996, pp. 41–43
  7. ↑ Brigitte Bailer-Galanda : Haider literally. Leader in the Third Republic. Löcker Verlag: 1995 pp. 68-77
  8. ^ Gerhard Steininger: The Third Camp. Rise after the fall? Edition Steinbauer, Vienna: 2007, p. 152
  9. ^ Hubert Sickinger: Jörg Haider - Haider as FPÖ chairman (III): repositioning as an American-style politician and the FPÖ as an ideology-free reform movement. In: Anton Pelinka, Hubert Sickinger, Karin Stögner: Kreisky - Haider: fault lines of Austrian identities. Vienna, Braumüller: 2008, p. 179
  10. ↑ MB, p. 50
  11. ↑ Andreas Khol: From the state that nobody wanted to the Austrian nation. In: Robert Kriechbaumer (Ed.): Österreichische Nationalgeschichte nach 1945. Böhlau, 1998, pp. 130–131.
  12. ^ Sieglinde-Katharina Rosenberger: Democracy and / versus Populism. In: Andrei S. Markovits, Sieglinde K. Rosenberger: Democracy. Modus and Telos. Contributions for Anton Pelinka. Böhlau: 2001, p. 113
  13. ↑ Brigitte Bailer-Galanda : Haider literally. Leader in the Third Republic. Löcker Verlag: 2000, p. 69
  14. ↑ Hans-Henning Scharsach , Kurt Kuch : Haider. Shadows over Europe, Kiepenheuer & Witsch: 2000. P. 132