Jibbāli

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Jibbāli

Spoken in

Oman
speaker approx. 25,000
Linguistic
classification
Language codes
ISO 639 -1

-

ISO 639-3

shv

Jibbāli is a New South Arabic language .

Distribution area and speaker

According to a 1993 census, the number of speakers is around 25,000. The speakers have different social status and belong to different tribes. Some of them live as semi-nomads in the mountainous regions of the Omani province of Dhofar , where they raise camels and cows and collect incense , and some in the cities on the coast, where they work in various professions. The cattle breeding Batahira in the Wadi Ezdah Mountains use the language; the fishermen on the Churiya-Muriya Islands speak a special dialect. Jibbāli has a rich dialectal differentiation , there are eastern, central and western dialects. Communication with speakers of other New South Arabic languages ​​is not possible. The speakers do not have a name for their language. Many different names appear in research, such as Śheri / Śhori / Śḥauri etc. a., but these are perceived by the speakers as degrading, which is why they prefer the term jibbāli .

Research history and status

The first description of the language by European linguistics under the name Ehhkili was in 1838 by Fulgence Fresnel. A breakthrough in research into the New South Arabic languages ​​came with the South Arabic excursion of the Imperial Academy in Vienna in 1898, during which numerous texts were collected. Further research has been carried out since 1980 by TM Johnstone, who wrote the first dictionary for Jibbāli in 1981. Further research was then carried out.

The Summer Institute of Linguistics classifies the language as “threatened” and the UNESCO Atlas of Endangered Languages ​​as “seriously endangered”.

literature

  • D.-H. Müller: III Šhauri texts . In: South Arabian Expedition , Volume VII.Holder, Vienna 1907.
  • M. Bittner: Characteristics of the Shauri language in the mountains of Dofâr on the Persian Gulf . In: KAWW , Num . Phil.-Hist. Kl., Year 50. Hölder, Vienna 1913.
  • Maximilian Bittner: Studies on the Shauri language in the mountains of Dofâr on the Persian Gulf . Vienna 1915.
  • TM Johnstone: Jibbāli lexicon . Published by Oxford University Press, Oxford NY 1981.
  • M. Morris: Some preliminary remarks on a collection of poems and songs of the Batahirah . In: Journal of Oman Studies , 6/1, 1983, pp. 129-44.
  • KM Hayward, RJ Hayward, Sālim Bakhīt Al-Tabūki: Vowels in Jibbāli Verbs . In: Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies , Volume 51, Issue 02, June 1988, pp. 240-250
  • David Testing: The Loss of the Person marker "t-" in Jibbali and Socotri . In: Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies , University of London, Vol. 55, No. 3, 1992, pp. 445-450
  • Marie-Claude Simeone-Senelle: The Modern South Arabian Languages . In: R. Hetzron (ed.): The Semitic Languages . Routledge, London 1997, pp. 378-423, CNRS - LLACAN. Meudon. France llacan.vjf.cnrs.fr (PDF)
  • Taʻallam wa-takallam al-lahjah al-jabālīyah lughat qawm ʻĀd 880-04 al-Ṭabʻah 1. taʼlīf Muslim ibn Suhayl Bū Hayf al-ʻUmarī al-Ḥaklī Published 2008 by Dār al-Thaqāfah in al-Dawḥah.
  • Aaron D. Rubin: The Jibbali (Shaḥri) Language of Oman: Grammar and Texts . Brill, Leiden (in preparation, to be published in 2014).

Individual evidence

  1. a b Shehri. Ethnologue
  2. Shehri language language. Library of Congress
  3. Shehri language language. UNESCO Atlas of Endangered Languages ​​2010