Eckartsberg (Breisach am Rhein)
The Eckartsberg is a small mountain of volcanic origin in the southern Baden town of Breisach . Many heroic stories and legends have grown up around him since the 5th century.
location
The Eckartsberg rises south of the city center to a height of 221.3 m above sea level. NHN and thus about 50 m above the level of the market square. It has an oval floor plan with a north-south extension of about 300 m and an east-west extension of about 220 m. Most of the mountain is planted with vines. There are two entrances to the top, a staircase at the end of Marienau Street and the paved “Artur-Uhl-Weg”, which also serves as a feeder to the vineyards.
history
As early as the 4th century, the Harelungen legend tells of the "faithful Eckehart" who is said to have owned a castle here. The legend reports that a King Harelung ruled over the Breisgau in the time of the Hun King Attila in the 5th century and had his castle on the Breisacher Schlossberg. After Harelung's death, the "faithful Eckehart" looked after the sons Fritele and Imbreke, who were rich in treasures and lands, which aroused envy of Uncle Emanerich, Emperor of Rome. When Eckehart found out that Emanerich was planning a robbery of the treasures and lands, he left his castle to get provisions for the upcoming siege of his castle. But before Eckehart returned, Emanerich's army had already conquered the castle, hanged the king's sons and stole the treasure. Eckehart only returned when the imperial troops withdrew and, in his anger and disappointment, personally killed 500 imperial soldiers in a battle at the gates of Breisach, only to find his own death afterwards.
In the year 939 an "imperial castle" was on the Eckartsberg in connection with the siege of Breisach by King Otto I mentioned. In 1139 the Eckartsberg was first mentioned as mons Hechardis . In 1185, Bishop Heinrich von Basel passed half of the mountain to King Heinrich VI. from. In the 12th century it was stipulated that only merchants and soldiers should live on the Eckartsberg. In the Middle Ages, the Eckartsberg was outside the fortification walls of Breisach. In the 14th century the Eckartsberg was included in the city fortifications. Part of this city wall can still be seen today on the west side of the Eckartsberg in the course of the Marienau . The Eckartsberg was fortified quite late under Emperor Maximilian at the beginning of the 16th century. During the Thirty Years' War the fortifications were further expanded.
The Eckartsberg was deserted for several years and was used in places for growing potatoes. In 1806 a monument with an obelisk was erected on the north terrace. The occasion was the transition of Breisach from the Duchy of Modena to the newly created Elector and later Grand Duchy of Baden . In addition, August 24, 1791 was remembered when the then Margrave Karl Friedrich von Baden was welcomed at this point by city representatives. The capitalized letters of the text on the base of the column are a chronogram and, as Roman numerals, add up to 1806, the year of installation. The Latin inscription on the base of the Eckartsberg Obelisk results in a German translation:
“The city of Breisach commemorates the enlightened beginnings of the government of the wise and just Carl Friedrich, Elector and Duke of Zähringen. Breisach, the oldest town in Breisgau and now broken up by the war accident, put this monument in the most joyous spirit to the most benevolent father of the fatherland on the spot where she saw the most transparent gentleman, Margrave Carl Friedrich von Baden, to the one from the peace caused by the Peace of Pressburg Ancestral land Zähringen returned. "
Vines were planted here again from 1815. In 1856 the obelisk was redesigned on the occasion of the marriage of Grand Duke Friedrich I of Baden with Luise of Prussia .
In 1929 a 12 m high obelisk was erected on the south side of the Eckartsberg, which was created according to a design by Karl Gruber (1885–1966). The obelisk was to be the central memorial for the 14th Kurmärkische Dragoon Regiment , which was stationed in Colmar from 1871 to 1918. After being severely damaged in World War II, it was demolished. The Freiburg sculptor Walter Schelenz (1903–1987) created a memorial plaque, which was inaugurated in 1962 on the upper slope of the Eckartsberg.
During the Second World War , the Eckartsberg was used again for military purposes. It was fortified by bunkers and tunnel systems. At the end of the war, the citizens of Breisach sought protection from bombs and grenade attacks. A grenade in a wall niche on Artur-Uhl-Weg commemorates the almost complete destruction of Breisach on February 4, 1945. After the war, vines were planted again on the mountain. Today on the summit of the Eckartsberg the “European light” installed in 1951 and the European flag awarded in 1963 warn for peace between peoples.
Impressions
Artur Uhl Tower
Window with lettering on the Artur-Uhl-Turm
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ A dynasty, a Germanic ruling family at the time of the Great Migration, is referred to as the Harelungen or Harlingers, similar to the Nibelungs
swell
- Information boards on Eckartsberg
- Breisach.net
Coordinates: 48 ° 2 ′ N , 7 ° 35 ′ E