Eduard Rosé

Eduard Rosé (born Eduard Rosenblum on March 29, 1859 in Jassy , Romania ; died on January 24, 1943 in the Theresienstadt ghetto ) was a German cellist and concertmaster.

Life

Born Eduard Rosenblum, he received his artistic training from 1876 to 1879 at the Conservatory of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna , where Karl Udel and Reinhold Hummer taught him to play the cello. One of his fellow students was Gustav Mahler . Rosenblum made his debut as a concert musician in the Austrian capital on July 11, 1878. In 1882 he formed the Rosé Quartet with Arnold Josef Rosé , one of his three brothers, and two other musicians, and from then on called himself Eduard Rosé. After just a year, he focused on his solo career. Rosé worked as a cellist at the Royal Budapest Opera, the Boston Symphony Orchestra (1898), the Berlin Philharmonic and finally (from September 1900) the Weimar State Orchestra. At the German National Theater there , Eduard Rosé was appointed first cellist and held this position until his retirement in 1926. Rosé also gave cello and piano lessons to students at Weimar's music college.

Although he converted to Protestantism in 1891, Eduard Rosé continued to be viewed as a Jew by the Nazis who had just come to power from 1933 onwards and were subject to appropriate restrictions. After his wife Emma Marie Eleanor Rosé-Mahler (1875–1933), Gustav Mahler's youngest sister, died in the year he came to power , Eduard Rosé was defenselessly exposed to the harassment and repression of the Nazis. In 1941 the old man was picked up by the Gestapo for a sharp interrogation because he had refused to wear the Star of David in public and had not signed a letter with the second name "Israel", which had been mandatory for Jews since 1938. After that, the once celebrated cellist had to move into the so-called ghetto house in Weimar's Belvederer Allee 6, which was reserved for Jews. Both he and his niece, Alma Rosé , were eventually deported. On September 20, 1942, Eduard Rosé was deported from there to the Theresienstadt ghetto , where he enjoyed a special position as a “celebrity prisoner” (Mahler's brother-in-law, a preferred composer of Adolf Hitler). The emeritus musician died very old there in the morning hours of January 24, 1943. The official cause of death was given as “enteritis intestinal catarrh”. His two sons Wolfgang and Ernst managed to escape to the United States in 1939 and 1941.

Stumbling blocks

Stolpersteine ​​have been laid for him and his sons in front of Marienstraße 16 in Weimar .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ it was about Julius Egghard and Anton Loh
2. ^ Rosé's death certificate on holocaust.cz

Web links

• Eduard Rosé on lexm.uni-hamburg.de
• Eduard Rosé on gustav-mahler.eu
• Eduard Rosé in the Austrian Biographical Lexicon
• Eduard Rosé on weimarpedia.de
• Eduard Rosé on holocaust.cz

literature

• Bernhard Post: Eduard Rosé. A musician's fate in the field of tension between European culture and German provinces, in: Mainzer Zeitschrift, Mittelrheinisches Jahrbuch für Aräologie, Kunst und Geschichte, vol. 96/97, 2001/2002, pp. 417–435.
• Kay Less : Between the stage and the barracks. Lexicon of persecuted theater, film and music artists from 1933 to 1945 . With a foreword by Paul Spiegel . Metropol, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-938690-10-9 , p. 409.