Unified Church (Judaism)

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Unity community is a term for Jewish religious communities in German-speaking countries. The name goes back to the German legislation of the 19th century, the so-called Autonomy Act of 1847, which only allowed Jews to have one Jewish community per location and obliged Jews to belong to it.

The unified congregation was voluntarily retained after the change in the law in 1876, which led to the formation of so-called “ exit congregations ” and the strengthening of the liberal direction under the umbrella of the local unified congregation in places with a numerically significant Jewish population . The model of the unified community based on the German model was adopted in some other European countries, such as Sweden and Switzerland .

After the end of the Second World War , the unified Jewish communities turned away from Reform Judaism and oriented themselves towards Eastern European models . The majority of the Jewish congregations that today call themselves “unified congregations” have only one rabbinate and one synagogue and follow the orthodox direction ; in Berlin there has been a unified congregation again since the end of the 20th century , in Frankfurt am Main since the beginning of the 21st century, uniting several currents of Judaism.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karlheinz Schneider: Judaism and modernization: a German-American comparison, 1870-1920 . Campus, Frankfurt 2005, ISBN 978-3-593-37386-7 , pp. 265 ( online [accessed October 5, 2011]).
  2. ^ Karlheinz Schneider: Judaism and modernization: a German-American comparison, 1870-1920 . S. 273 ( online [accessed October 5, 2011]).
  3. ↑ Hartmut Bomhoff: Josef's colorful coat. Pluralism in Judaism has a long tradition, background: unified community / exit community. In: Jewish newspaper . May 2007, archived from the original on July 11, 2007 ; Retrieved October 5, 2011 .
  4. ↑ Christine Müller: On the importance of religion for Jewish youth in Germany . tape 11 of youth, religion, teaching. Waxmann, Münster 2007, ISBN 978-3-8309-1763-2 , pp. 53 ( online [accessed October 5, 2011]).
  5. ↑ Albrecht Lohrbächer et al. (Ed.): What Christians can learn from Judaism: impulses, materials, drafts . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-17-018133-5 , pp. 46 ( online [accessed October 5, 2011]).
  6. ↑ Alexander Jungmann: Jewish life in Berlin: The current change in a metropolitan diaspora community . Transcript, Bielefeld 2007, ISBN 978-3-89942-811-7 ( excerpts online [accessed on October 5, 2011]).
  7. ^ Meron Mendel : Jewish youth in Germany . tape 10 of Frankfurt's contributions to educational science. Books on Demand, Frankfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-9813388-1-2 , pp. 99 ( online [accessed October 5, 2011]).