Peanut allergens

The peanut allergens ( Ara h ) are proteins that are found in peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea ) and are highly allergenic in humans. They are divided into about a dozen subfamilies, which are contained in peanuts in different proportions depending on the origin of the plant. Depending on the subfamily, the proteins function differently for the plant and each time there is a different cross-allergenicity . In addition, people with different origins and different allergy histories are each differently sensitive to the members of these subfamilies.

Peanut allergens are divided into the following families based on sequence homology :

• Ara h 1 : 7S reserve proteins of the cupin superfamily, including arachin, conarachin. Cross -allergy to tomato (Vicillin, Lyc E ), lupine . Prototype: UniProt B3IXL2 .
• Ara h 2 : 2S reserve proteins of the albumin superfamily with trypsin- inhibiting activity. Prototype: Conglutin-7, UniProt Q6PSU2 .
• Ara h 3/4 : 11S reserve proteins of the cupin superfamily. Cross allergy to soybean (glycinin). Prototype: UniProt B5TYU1 , structure: PDB  3C3V .
• Ara h 5 : the profile of the peanut, UniProt Q9SQI9 .
• Ara h 6/7 : 2S reserve proteins of the albumin superfamily with trypsin- inhibiting activity. Prototype: Conglutin-8, UniProt A1DZE9 .
• Ara h 8 : PR-10 antimicrobial proteins . Cross allergies: Silver birch ( pollen allergen Bet V 1 ), generally beech-like plants. Prototype: UniProt Q6VT83 .
• Ara h 9 : Members of the lipid transfer protein superfamily, therefore cross allergies to glass herbs ( Par j 1 ). Prototype: UniProt B6CEX8 .
• Ara h 10/11 , Ara h oleosin : Members of the fat-storing oleosin superfamily. Prototype: UniProt Q6J1J8 .
• Ara h agglutinin : galactose-binding lectins from peanuts. Prototype: UniProt P02872 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ A. Vereda, M. van Hage et al. a .: Peanut allergy: Clinical and immunologic differences among patients from 3 different geographic regions. In: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 127, Number 3, March 2011, pp. 603-607, ISSN  1097-6825 . doi : 10.1016 / j.jaci.2010.09.010 . PMID 21093026 .
2. ↑ N. Nicolaou, A. Custovic: Molecular diagnosis of peanut and legume allergy. In: Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology Volume 11, Number 3, June 2011, pp. 222-228, ISSN  1473-6322 . doi : 10.1097 / ACI.0b013e32834656c2 . PMID 21464707 .
3. ↑ Entry "Ara h" in Allergome .
4. ↑ IPR000528 Plant lipid transfer protein / Par allergen .