Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade

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Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade
Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade
Data
place Belgrade coordinates: 44 ° 49 ′ 11.3 ″  N , 20 ° 27 ′ 22.6 ″  EWorld icon
opening 1901
Website

The Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade has existed since 1901, making it one of the oldest museums in Serbia .

history

The Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade was founded in February 1901, but its roots go even further into the past. With the collection of ethnographic objects in the middle of the XIX. Century. The collection of the National Museum of Serbia (Сербсконародни музеум) contained ethnographic objects as early as 1844.

The first significant systematic collections were carried out in order to take part in the Slavs Congress in Moscow in 1867. And although all the objects collected until then remained in Moscow, this exhibition was important because the systematic collection of ethnographic objects and ethnological research started in Serbia and the rest of the Balkans. Within the Serbian learned society in 1872 a concrete proposal was made to found a museum that could keep all ethnographic objects. In the same year Stojan Novaković presented the proposal and the design for the historical-ethnographic museum, and from there they worked on the creation of a separate ethnographic museum. The idea of ​​such a museum was realized in February 1901. Then the ethnographic collection was moved from the National Museum to a separate building, a gift from Stevče Mihailović (Jagodina Merchant) and this year is considered to be the founding year of the Ethnographic Museum.

In the first days after the establishment of the Ethnographic Museum, it owned 909 ethnographic objects, 32 books, a small number of photographs and a very valuable album with watercolors and drawings of national costumes by Nikola Arsenović. The first museum director was Sima Trojanović . He immediately began a large-scale collection of objects and by 1904 the museum had around 8,500 exhibits. The items collected were collected from the entire Balkan Peninsula and were not only part of the traditional culture of the Serbs , but also from other ethnic groups in the region. The ethnological research and collection of objects on site began as early as 1902. The first permanent exhibition of the Ethnographic Museum opened on September 20, 1904 and from there the museum curators collect ethnographic objects and thus the fund is growing from day to day. During the First and Second World Wars , the Ethnographic Museum lost most of its collection, which was destroyed in the war. Thanks to the preserved traditional lifestyle in the Balkans after the First World War, the collection of objects continued and in 1926 the first printed edition of Гласника Етнографског музеја (newspaper of the Ethnographic Museum) appeared , which is published regularly to this day. After the Second World War, the systematic ethnological research of ethnographic areas and the systematic and scientific conservation of objects began.

Museum building

After changing its location several times - from the house of Stevče Mihajlović, which was on the corner of Kneza Miloša and Birčaninova streets and the building on the corner of Njegoševa and Knjeginje Zorke streets (1938), to the adapted building of the guards of the courtyard complex Terazije (1945–1948) - the museum moved in 1951 to the building on the corner of Studentski trg 13 and Uzun Mirkova 2, which was built in 1933 and 1934 according to the design of the architect Aleksandar Đorđević. It was built to meet the needs of the former Belgrade Stock Exchange, as a building with residential and business premises. According to its architectural features, the building belongs to the mature, modernist concept, while the accentuated verticality bears foreign, mostly German influences. Built as a five-storey building in a prominent location in the vicinity of the Academic Park in the immediate vicinity of university buildings (building of the advanced school - today the Rectorate of Belgrade University, building of the New University - today the Faculty of Philology), cultural institutions (building of the Kolarac National University) and City Administration Building (the building of the Belgrade Municipality - today the Yugoslav Cinematheque, City Police) was recognized as a work of exceptional value immediately after its construction, and it is now valued as an important part of Art Deco architecture in Serbia. It had its original purpose as a stock exchange building until the beginning of the Second World War. After the end of the war, part of the building changed its purpose. At the beginning of the 1950s, part of the basement, the ground floor, the mezzanine, the first and second floors were made available to the Ethnographic Museum. Between 1951 and 1954, renovations were carried out on this part of the building to store museum collections and funds, and to organize exhibition activities. With the next adaptation, which was carried out between 1983 and 1984, the building was almost completely adapted to the museum's needs on all five floors. The adaptations of the building related primarily to the adaptation of the interior to the new function, while the authenticity of the facade and the monumental entrance area was retained. As a work of architectural, cultural and historical value that houses a cultural institution that values ​​a rich ethnographic heritage, the Ethnographic Museum was declared a Cultural Monument in 1984.

Museum today

To date, eight permanent exhibitions and around 300 temporary exhibitions have been opened in the Ethnographic Museum. The permanent exhibition occupies three levels of the building. Today the Ethnographic Museum houses a large number of ethnographic objects, which are divided into their own collections (furniture, jewelry, traditions, costumes, folk architecture, industry, animal husbandry, transport, cult objects, etc.), it has one of the richest specialist libraries in the Balkans and published professional publications. It has a large conservation department that processes practically all kinds of materials, has a large exhibition space, organizes extensive ethnographic research, and has a great deal of will and knowledge to carry out an ethnological and anthropological study of the 19th century. On June 7, 2013 the Ethnographic Museum presented the list of the intangible cultural heritage of Serbia with 27 entries.

Web links

Commons : Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда, досије споменика културе Етнографски музеј; З.М., "Етнографски музеј у Београду", ГМГБ 1, 1954, 316–321.
  2. ↑ Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда, часопис Наслеђе, Милан Просен, Градитељски опус архитекте Александра Ђорђевића (1890-1952) http://beogradskonasledje.rs/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/7/9_milan_prosen.pdf приступљено 30.01 .2017.
  3. ↑ Завод за заштиту споменика културе града Београда / Етнографски музеј
  4. ↑ http://beogradskonasledje.rs/kd/zavod/stari_grad/kapetan_misino_zdanje.html приступљено January 30, 2017.
  5. ↑ http://beogradskonasledje.rs/kd/zavod/stari_grad/zgrada_kolarcevog_narodnog_univerziteta.html приступљено January 30, 2017.
  6. ↑ http://beogradskonasledje.rs/kd/zavod/stari_grad/zgrada_beogradske_opstine.html приступљено January 30, 2017.
  7. ↑ Милан Просен, Ар деко у Србији, рукопис докторске дисертације одбрањене на Одељењу за историју уметности Филозофског факултета Универзитета у Београду 2014. године, 335-336.
  8. ↑ Српско нематеријално наслеђе чине ... (Б92, 7. јун 2013)