Field switchboard 1957
The portable field switchboard 1957 (F Tf Zen 57) without jack cable was used in the Swiss Army from 1961 to 1993 as a switchboard. It was developed 1956–1957 (model 57) by Hasler AG in Bern and produced in 1960–1961 and 1980–1982 with 2030 pieces. It was the army's most built field headquarters.
Components
The field switchboard in 1957 consisted of two aluminum boxes for the field switchboard (dimensions 57 cm × 25 cm × 36 cm, 26 kg) and the accessories (55 cm × 40 cm × 38 cm, 35 kg), which could be transported with the protective covers in place without packaging were.
The field center had 12 field lines (LB lines) with 8 connecting paths. There was an additional exchange connection box with four exchange lines for office operations. For further connections, two central units could be placed on top of each other and combined (concentration switching). Two mono cells each were required to feed the speech and signal batteries. The through loss was 0.7 dB.
The front panel of the headquarters was divided into the main parts common organs (left) , line organs (above ) and mediation organs (below) . The common organs included the call generator lever, the call control rotary indicator, the key alarm clock / buzzer, the busy control button and the plug for the headset and alarm circuit switch. The line organs included the line elements, the standard indicator with drop flaps, the labeling plates (orange / white, yellow / white) and the four-function key (call, hear, hear and speak, put the drop flap back). The mediation organs consisted of the connecting routes (coordinates), push buttons and busy indicator lamps.
On the back of the control center there was a material compartment for the Mikrotel as well as headphones and noise fittings, a leather case for the reserve material box, a battery compartment, 12 line connection terminals (L a / L b ), an earth connection terminal (yellow), the line plugs 1–4, 5 –8 and 9–12, connection terminals for the emergency telephone (red), connection terminals for an additional alarm clock (black), a connection for the exchange connection box with an inserted dummy plug, a plug for the fire control attachment (54 cm × 22 cm × 37 cm, 20 kg) and a socket for the concentration circuit.
handling
The call signal was generated by a lever-operated inductor . When there were incoming calls, the drop flaps of the standard indicator fell down. In addition, an alarm clock or buzzer could be set as an acoustic signal. For the first time, communication was possible without pairs of cords (jack cables) using a clearly arranged electromechanical coordinate selector: the individual lines could be connected to one another using sliding buttons on the eight different-colored connecting paths. When receiving a call, the corresponding slide button was pushed from top to bottom onto a free connection path, queried, the slide button of the requested line was placed on the same connection path and called.
The so-called microtel , a common earpiece with an earpiece and microphone, served as the speech device . The wire ends of the telephone lines were attached to the rear of the control center with line terminals. Field telephones 50 were installed at the other ends of the field telephone lines .
use
The 1957 field switchboard was used in the Swiss Army by the intelligence companies of the field and mountain infantry , artillery and transmission forces . It served as a center between point-to-point field connections and as a telephone with a landline number. For the first variant, field telephones were connected to the control center with telephone wire (cable reels F-2E 800 meters). In the second variant, the telephone was connected to lines specially reserved for the army, which now made it possible to connect to any telephone. When connected to the field telephone exchanges commonly used in the army, all telephone numbers could also be called from field telephone 50 .
In the case of connections between long field lines and trunk lines, the centralist had to take on the role of the amplifier and repeat what was said, as the two participants at the end of the line could not hear each other.
With the artillery, longer troop lines had to be built because of the increasing range of the guns, which could no longer get by without amplifiers. The fire control add-on therefore contained a receiving and transmitting amplifier as well as a loudspeaker.
The advantages of the field telephone exchange in 1957 lay in its compact design and easy portability. The clear coordinate selector increased the operating quality and it didn't take a long time to get used to it.
The field switchboard in 1957 replaced switch box 38 for infantry and artillery and engineer switchboard 37 for transmission troops. The LB table center H-66/74 , also produced by Hasler AG, was a similar center that was used by the Swiss civil defense organization from 1975.
literature
- Rudolf J. Ritter, Laurent Othenin-Girard: The educational material from 1910 to 1990 . Verlag Merker, Lenzburg 2006
- Regulation 58.106 d: The field switchboard 1957