Femoral head fracture
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| S72 | Fracture of the femur |
| S72.08 | Femoral neck fracture: other parts
Including: femoral head onA fracture of the hip onA |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The femoral head fracture is a broken bone (fracture) of the head ( caput ) of the thighbone ( femur ). It occurs extremely rarely. This fracture is usually caused by excessive force, especially in traffic accidents. The driver's knee hits the dashboard . The force is transmitted through the thigh to the hip joint , where the femoral head breaks out. This injury is often associated with a hip dislocation and an acetabular fracture .
Pelvis, thigh, and hip joint
Femoral neck and femoral head
Classification
The most common classification is that of Pipkin:
| Classification of femoral head fractures according to Pipkin | ||
|---|---|---|
| Pipkin | description | |
| I. | Fracture of the femoral head below the stress zone | |
| II | Fracture of the femoral head above the stress zone | |
| III | Type I or II combined with a femoral neck fracture | |
| IV | Type I or II combined with an acetabular fracture | |
Symptoms and clinical picture
The leg is rotated outwards, shortened and pulled inwards. the hip is painful and can hardly be moved. An x-ray and computed tomography are necessary to accurately assess the injury.
therapy
Immediate straightening of the hip dislocation is desirable. Afterwards, an exact X-ray diagnosis is carried out and a decision is made about an operation . The fragments are then screwed or fixed with wires and accompanying injuries to the acetabulum or the femoral neck are treated.
Complications
- Injury to the sciatic nerve
- Necrosis of the femoral head
- Hip arthrosis
See also
- Acetabular fracture
- Femoral neck fracture
- Pertrochanteric femoral fracture
- Subtrochanteric femoral fracture
literature
- V. Bühren, O. Trentz, U. Heim: Checklist traumatology. Thieme, 2005, ISBN 3-13-598106-1 .
- J. Duparc: Surgical Techniques in Orthopedics and Traumatology. Pelvic ring and hip. Elsevier, 2005, ISBN 3-437-22556-1 .
- AB Imhoff, R. Baumgartner: Checklist Orthopedics. Thieme, 2006, ISBN 3-13-142281-5 .
- R.-P. Meyer, A. Gächter: Hip surgery in practice. Springer, 2005, ISBN 3-540-22718-0 .
- J. Pfeil: Hip Surgery. Steinkopff, 2008, ISBN 978-3-7985-1627-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ S. Lederer, M. Tauber, S. Karpik, R. Bogner, A. Auffarth, H. Resch: Hip head fractures . The trauma surgeon 2007. Edition 110, pp. 513-520. doi: 10.1007 / s00113-007-1246-2
- ↑ a b A. Thannheimer, P. Gutsfeld, V. Bühren: femoral head fractures. In: The surgeon. 2009. Edition 80, pp. 1140-1146. doi: 10.1007 / s00104-009-1738-4
