film studio
In the German-speaking world, a film studio or film studio is a building that is used to carry out filming. In the English-speaking world, especially in the United States , "film studio" or "studio" for short at the time of the Hollywood studio system was used to designate an entire film production company , including the associated distribution company and all buildings and outdoor facilities that served the film production.
history
Since the first films were still very faint , film makers were dependent on sunlight in the early silent film era . The first film studios were therefore large glass houses . Sunlight was also one of the main reasons why the US film industry, originally located on the east coast , moved to sunny California , Hollywood , in the first decade of the 20th century . Later, after the First World War, for example, strong electric lamps replaced the sunlight and the studios were built darker - " artificial light became the sole ruler ".
Definition of terms
The film theorist L'Estrange Fawcett wrote in 1928 about the difference in the meaning of “film studio” and “film atelier” in the English and German-speaking countries : “ The word atelier (studio) in America describes a collection of buildings that serve to produce films, and not as in Europe a building similar to an air hall, where the shooting of the films takes place and which is called a 'stage' in Hollywood. "
The term “film studio”, which was coined in the USA , is generally used to describe a film production company and all of its film production facilities. This is due to the fact that an own film studio was previously indispensable for the production of films, and a film studio owner was also a film producer in personal union. Nowadays, film studios are either owned by film production companies or are rented out to film producers by their owners.
In the latter case, the owner is dependent on renting his equipment and usually has no control over the cast or content of the film. In the former case, the studios are mainly used by the owner and are only rented out to better utilize the capacities. Numerous, especially smaller, film production companies are dependent on renting studio space because they do not have their own facilities.
Independent film studios
Independent film studios do not produce any films themselves and are therefore dependent on renting them to film production companies that have no or unsuitable film studios in order to achieve a financial gain. If a film studio also produces films itself, it is actually a film production company that has its own studio.
References
- ^ S. Walter Fischer: Technical. In: L'Estrange Fawcett: The world of film. Amalthea, Zurich / Leipzig / Vienna 1928, p. 193.
- ↑ L'Estrange Fawcett: The World of Film. Translated by C. Zell, supplemented by S. Walter Fischer. Amalthea, Zurich / Leipzig / Vienna 1928, p. 18. Digitized
