Training theory
The theory of advanced training is to be understood as the epistemological concept of Ernst Bloch , which represents a dynamization of the image theory .
The training theory was first elaborated by Ernst Bloch in the article Truth as an engaging illustration of tendencies - latencies in 1936 in his exile in Prague.
Theory of training
Ernst Bloch starts from two epistemological theories that were only dialectically brought together through Marxism .
Knowledge as a picture : First, with Democritus, the image theory developed , according to which - very materialistically, images that acted on the "fire atoms" of the soul are detached from the objects. This image theory was turned idealistically with Plato in the sense that we would only recognize the images in the imaging process. This image theory also persisted in scholasticism , in which we reflected on creation. The mechanistic materialism of the 19th century also advocated an image theory.
Knowledge as generation : With the emergence of bourgeois thinking in capitalism and already with Descartes , however, another concept of epistemology began: constructivism . Bloch understands by this that the thoughts are not represented by the external reality, but are generated independently of the reality. While the image theory asserts a very static, quasi passive cognitive process, the generation theory assumes a very active process. However, this theory loses its connection with reality.
The approach develops from the progressive elements of these two theories:
Knowledge as advanced training : Bloch refers to a passage by Friedrich Engels in which he describes that they have returned to the image theory, albeit one that the world is not static, but as a process understand. This new mapping combined with the theory of generation to the theory of further training . Here practice is important as the interdependence of being and thinking in the dialectical process. Whereby practice is to be understood above all as the work process:
- "In fact, advanced training theory only depicts the working subject getting involved in the matter, educating himself and driving forward the latent elements inherent in it with a consciously revolutionary component." [...] "You just don't succeed in realizing dreams merely ascertaining mapping of the given in the thought, for this only an increasing further education through the thought helps, which, however, must be kept in the swimming direction of the tendency to latency, thus in the possible met-hodos of the world ”.
The training is linked to the dialectical process. Since the world is in process, perception cannot be a static image either. On the contrary: knowledge would take place in practice of changing the world with the aim of changing the world.
literature
- Ernst Bloch: Truth as an engaging illustration of tendencies - latencies (1936) in: Ernst Bloch: Tendenz - Latenz - Utopie, Frankfurt a. Main, Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft
- Ernst Bloch: Tübingen Introduction to Philosophy, GA Vol. 13
- Ernst Bloch: Experimentum Mundi, Frankfurt a. Main, Suhrkamp Verlag 1975
swell
- ↑ Ernst Bloch: Tübingen Introduction to Philosophy, GA Vol. 13, p. 157
- ↑ Ernst Bloch: Truth as an engaging illustration of tendencies - Latenzen (1936) in: Ernst Bloch: Tendenz - Latenz - Utopie, Frankfurt a. Main, Suhrkamp Taschenbuch Wissenschaft, p. 261
- ↑ Ernst Bloch: Experimentum Mundi, Frankfurt a. Main, Suhrkamp Verlag 1975, p. 66