Franziska Nietzsche
Franziska Nietzsche (* February 2, 1826 as Franziska Ernestine Rosaura Oehler in Pobles , Province of Saxony ; † April 20, 1897 in Naumburg ) was a German pastor's daughter and wife and the mother of Friedrich Nietzsche .
Life
Her parents were the Lutheran pastor David Ernst Oehler and Johanna Elisabeth Wilhelmine Oehler, née Hahn ; she grew up with numerous siblings. In 1843 Franziska got to know the pastor of the neighboring community in Röcken , Carl Ludwig Nietzsche . She married him on October 10, 1843; the couple had their first son Friedrich Wilhelm and then their daughter Elisabeth . The second son, Karl Ludwig Joseph, was born in 1848. In 1849, however, the husband Carl Ludwig died after an illness lasting several months, followed by the third child Karl in 1850.
The dominant mother-in-law Erdmuthe Dorothea Nietzsche (née Krause) and the two sisters Carl Ludwigs, Auguste and Rosalie, dominated the upbringing of the two remaining children in the joint household in Naumburg in the following years, until Franziska Nietzsche split up after the death of her mother-in-law in 1856 and one founded his own household. After the death of her father, she and sister Elisabeth were Friedrich Nietzsche's closest permanent relationships.
A devout Christian herself, she was very disappointed that her son dropped out of theology in 1865 after just one semester and concentrated on philology and philosophy. When she met her son, both are said to have avoided the subject of Nietzsche's writings; she out of love for her "son of the heart", he out of respect for her faith. In 1882 there was another break between son and mother when Elisabeth reported on the relationship between Friedrich, Paul Rée and Lou von Salomé , which she perceived as scandalous . Friedrich, on the other hand, was outraged that his family interfered here.
When Friedrich Nietzsche needed permanent care after 1889, his mother initially looked after him again; she accepted his mental derangement as divine providence. She made the acquaintance of his friend Franz Overbeck , with whom she corresponded a lot. It was only after her death in 1897 that Friedrich's sister Elisabeth obtained the power of disposal she had sought over Nietzsche's work and is also suspected of having falsified Franziska's unpublished and never-ending autobiography.
literature
- Erich F. Podach (ed.): The sick Nietzsche. Letters from his mother to Franz Overbeck. Bermann-Fischer Verlag, Vienna 1937.
- Ursula Schmidt-Losch: “a failed life”? Nietzsche's mother Franziska. Alibri Verlag, Aschaffenburg 2001, ISBN 3-932710-45-2
- Klaus Goch: Franziska Nietzsche: A biographical portrait , Insel Verlag 1994, ISBN 3-458333-23-1
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Antonius Lux (ed.): Great women of world history. A thousand biographies in words and pictures . Sebastian Lux Verlag , Munich 1963, p. 359.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nietzsche, Franziska |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Oehler, Franziska Ernestine Rosaura (full name at birth) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Friedrich Nietzsche's mother |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 2, 1826 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Pobles |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 20, 1897 |
| Place of death | Naumburg |