Woman with a maroon hat
Woman with a maroon hat also called The Worker or Portrait of a Parisian Woman (French: Jeune fille au chapeau marron , L'Ouvrière or La Parisienne ) is a pastel portrait on canvas by the French painter Édouard Manet from 1882 . The shoulder piece shows an unknown young woman wearing a fashionable lady's hat with a chin strap tied in a bow. The 56 × 35 cm picture is one of a series of portraits of women that Manet made in pastel during the last years of his life. It is now in the collection of the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City .
Image description
In this pastel Manet portrayed a young woman whose identity is unknown. The portrait, executed as a shoulder piece, shows the bust-shaped upper body in a frontal view. The sitter's head is turned to the right shoulder and her gaze is directed to the left edge of the picture. The face and neck of the woman show a light, almost white complexion, which is varied by a pink accent on the cheeks and a shadow effect in the chin area. The blonde hair, coiffed over the forehead, is mostly hidden under a maroon hat, which is held in place with a ribbon under the chin. A piece of the ribbon is blowing in the air to the left of the head. Only a few parts of the dark gray dress can be seen in the shoulder area, there is a large reddish brown bow in front of the chest, and the collar of a white blouse protrudes at the neckline. Behind the sitter, Manet has sketched a cloudy sky above the shoulders with blue hatching on a white background. The lower area of the picture has remained in monotonous gray. Here the painter has signed the picture with "Manet" to the left of the sitter.
Women's hats - a popular prop in Manet's work
Different authors have given the painting three different titles: Woman with a maroon hat , The worker and Portrait of a Parisian . By contrast, there is no known title for this work by Manet, and the name of the sitter is also not known. The three picture titles all more or less refer to the clothes of those portrayed. This is particularly clear with the title Woman with a maroon hat , in which the headgear is addressed directly. The title The Worker also refers indirectly to the clothing of women. Here the rather simple dress could be a clue to assign the sitter to the working class. A certain occupation that would be typical for women in 19th century Paris, for example as an ironer in a laundry or as a tailor in a textile factory, cannot be anticipated from the presentation of the portrayed. She is not seen at work, but in street clothes. The third picture title, Portrait of a Parisian Woman , also goes back indirectly to the clothes of the sitter. The type of hat with the eye-catching bow can be assigned to a certain fashion and thus a certain time. It is unmistakably part of women's fashion as it was worn in Paris around 1880.
Manet's friend Charles Baudelaire addressed the special importance of current clothing fashion as a subject for modern painting as early as 1845: “The painter, the true painter, will be the one ... who lets us see and understand how big we are, with paint or drawing are and how poetic in our collars and patent leather boots ”. Manet took a liking to the eye-catching wardrobe of the ladies of his time. As a flaneur , he regularly observed the Parisian women on their walks through the streets of the city and repeatedly accompanied his friends to various fashion stores. His school friend Antonin Proust commented: “One day he was very enthusiastic about beautiful fabrics that Mme. Derot rolled up in front of his eyes. On the other day it was the hats of the cleaning lady , Mme. Virot, that delighted him. ”The graphic study of two hats ( Deux Chapeux ), which Manet made in 1880, testifies to this love of fashionable detail . In the last years of his life he repeatedly captured women with their fashionable appearance in his paintings and especially in his pastels. In the picture Woman with a Black Hat from 1882, Manet shows a young woman with a bust-shaped neckline, in a manner similar to that in Woman with a Maroon Hat . The clothes of the two women show different similarities and the backgrounds in both pictures are the same. In the picture Méry Laurent with a black hat , also made in 1882, Manet portrayed his girlfriend Méry Laurent and again carefully worked out the details of the hat and clothing.
Deux Chapeux
1880
Woman with a Black Hat
1882
Mery Laurent with black hat
1882
Provenance
The painting was in his studio when Manet died in 1883. The art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel bought the painting for 440 francs at the auction of his estate on February 4 and 5, 1884 at the Paris auction house Hôtel Drouot . It was bought by the Paris-based porcelain manufacturer George Haviland, who later sold it to the playwright Henri Bernstein . The next owners of the picture were Annie Swan Coburn from Chicago and then the New York banker André Meyer. Through the art dealer Georges Wildenstein , it came to the collection of the New York-based collector Henry Ittleson Jr. around 1954.In May 1956, the New York art dealer M Knoedler & Co offered the picture for sale and sold it to the entrepreneur Henry T. Mudd (1913–1990) from Los Angeles, who left it to his wife Victoria Nebeker Coberly. After her death in 1991, the heirs put the painting up for auction in the New York branch of Christie's auction house , where it went to Mexican entrepreneur Carlos Slim Helú on May 12, 1992 for $ 385,000 , who bought it for the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City handed over.
literature
- Minerva Mogollán García, Eva María Ayala Canseco: Cien grandes maestros. 10 años Museo Soumaya . Fundación Carso, Mexico City 2005, ISBN 968-7794-30-5 .
- Dorothee Hansen , Wulf Herzogenrath (eds.): Monet and Camille. Portraits of women in impressionism. Hirmer, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-7774-2705-5 .
- Sandra Orienti: Edouard Manet . Ullstein, Frankfurt am Main 1981, ISBN 3-548-36050-5 .
- Antonin Proust : Edouard Manet . Cassirer, Berlin 1917.
- John Rewald : Edouard Manet, Pastels . Bruno Cassirer, Oxford page 37 (picture), "Young Girl in a Brown Bonnet" page 59
- Réunion des Musées Nationaux Paris and Metropolitan Museum of Art New York (ed.): Manet . Exhibition catalog, German edition. Frölich and Kaufmann, Berlin 1984, ISBN 3-88725-092-3 .
- Denis Rouart: Manet . Editions Somogy, Paris 1957.
- Denis Rouart, Daniel Wildenstein : Edouard Manet: Catalog raisonné . Bibliothèque des Arts, Paris / Lausanne 1975.
Individual evidence
- ↑ The titles woman with a maroon hat and the worker are in Orienti: Edouard Manet. P. 76 noted. It is in Rouart as a portrait of a Parisian woman : Manet. P. 81 titled. All French names come from Rouart / Wildenstein: Manet , Volume 2, p. 83.
- ^ Charles Baudelaire: Salon de 1845 , quoted in Dorothee Hansen, Wulf Herzogenrath: Monet and Camille. Portraits of women in impressionism. P. 228.
- ^ Françoise Cachin in Réunion des Musées Nationaux Paris, Metropolitan Museum of Art New York: Manet. P. 484.
- ^ Antonin Proust: Edouard Manet. P. 94.
- ↑ The picture had lot number 113 at the auction. See Rouart / Wildenstein: Manet , Volume 2, p. 83.
- ^ Rouart, Wildenstein: Manet. Volume 2, p. 83.
- ↑ Information about the auction of the picture on the website of the Christie's auction house
- ↑ Minerva Mogollán García, Eva María Ayala Canseco: Cien grandes maestros. 10 años Museo Soumaya. P. 336.