Deep fryer
A deep fryer (formerly and still in Switzerland deep fryer ) is a device for frying ( deep-frying ) food in hot oil or fat , the so-called deep fryer. Deep fryers are used in private households, restaurants and industry. While deep fryers in the household and in restaurants work in batch mode (filling, baking, emptying), industrial deep fryers often work continuously, i. i.e., the crude product is constantly being added and the end product is constantly being exported. In Austria, the deep fryer is also known colloquially as a fritter . Hot air fryers are now also used as alternatives with less fat.
The hot oil or fat in a deep fryer that is used to fry food is called deep- frying (previously deep-frying ). As a second meaning, this term also stands for the prepared food that was prepared in this hot oil or fat bath. In German-speaking East Belgium, deep-frying is the fast food itself, regardless of whether it is a shop in a building or a mobile sales stand.
construction
What all deep fryers have in common is that they use a heat transfer medium to heat the fried food as quickly as possible. The temperature is regulated, which is an added value compared to the classic method with an oil-filled pot on the hotplate.
Most deep fryers have a cold zone that keeps the bottom fat cooler and reduces the build-up of acrylamide .
Gastronomic devices can be designed as a programmable lifting system deep fryer whose basket with the deep-fried food can be automatically lifted.
Industrial deep fryers come e.g. B. used for pre-frying French fries . Also snacks such as potato chips and dry food for dogs and cats are fried. These devices essentially consist of the actual deep fryer, a heat exchanger for heating the deep-frying oil, a filter, a circulation pump and a tank for filling the oil circuit. With the product, oil constantly leaves the oil cycle (with potato chips approx. 35% of the weight of the chips), so that oil has to be topped up constantly.
Electric fryers
Electric deep fryers contain an electric heater, which is located in the base plate or is designed as a heating rod similar to an immersion heater, as well as a temperature controller with an adjustable setpoint and, if necessary, a safety temperature limiter, which is intended to prevent the deep-frying fat from overheating in the event of a fault.
Hot air fryers
Baking is done with hot air and works without oil. The circulating hot air flow is electrically heated and temperature controlled. The heat output that can be transferred is higher than in a convection oven, which creates conditions similar to deep-frying in the first place. This is achieved with a high flow velocity. Accordingly, the devices are loud. Tests show that good devices are able to fry oil-free better than is possible in the oven. However, the result of an oil-filled deep fryer is not achieved. Since a hot air fryer can be used for baking, deep-frying and grilling, the term hot air fryer is somewhat misleading.
The fact that no oil has to be heated makes it safer to use, easier to clean and no disposal or storage of used oil. By not using oil, the food contains fewer fat and calories . However, the hot air fryers are a bit more expensive to buy than the classic variant and the preparation takes longer than with a conventional deep fryer.
Gas heated deep fryers
While electric deep fryers predominate in the private and semi-professional sector, many commercial deep fryers are gas-fired. The reason for this is the lower operating costs, which compensate for the higher purchase price with sufficient use. Tube and rod burners are used. The temperature regulation takes place via a gas control unit, which is connected to a thermostat and a safety thermostat.
Reduction of acrylamide
Deep fryers are the subject of criticism because at temperatures above 170 ° C, increased amounts of acrylamide can be formed, which can be harmful to health. However, the relationship between diet and the actual acrylamide levels in the body is questionable. There are special designs of deep fryers to reduce the acrylamide content. Industrial vacuum fryers , with which, for example, potato chips are produced, work with negative pressure and thus lower frying temperatures.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ | Deep fryer . Duden
- ↑ Fritter - deep fryer . Austrian - German
- ↑ Stephan Creydt: Hot air fryers in the practical test. (No longer available online.) Westdeutscher Rundfunk , March 4, 2017, archived from the original on December 1, 2017 ; accessed on April 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Marion Kamp: Philips Airfryer - Is it all just hot air? FAZ , November 18, 2011, accessed on April 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Acrylamide in the blood: role of nutritional behavior unclear . . October 5, 2005. Archived from the original on November 23, 2010. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved on March 19, 2011. Press release from Hannover Medical School
