Chamois mange
The Gamsräude is a parasitic skin disease characterized by the mange mite rupicaprae Sarcoptes is caused. It is one of the most dangerous diseases in chamois and leads to high losses when epidemic occurs.
Pathogen
The pathogen of chamois mange is the grave mite Sarcoptes rupicaprae . Their size is 0.2 to 0.4 millimeters. It lives in the skin of the chamois . The female mite lays 30 to 50 eggs in burrows. The mites reproduce as early as 2 to 3 weeks after hatching. Outside the host body, the lifespan is limited.
transmission
The grave mites are usually transmitted through direct skin contact between the individual animals. Bucks and goats are usually infected when they mate. The goats are attacked first on the abdomen and the inside of the barrel, the bucks on the underbust. The way of life in herds increases the contagion. More rarely, it occurs through indirect contamination, such as using the same bearings, chafing areas or salt licks. The spread by insects or other animals after contact is low. The frequency of occurrence of chamois mange is correlated to the population density.
Transmission to humans is possible. Since humans are a false host , a pseudo scabies can develop. The skin changes are not as pronounced as in the animals and occur mainly on the trunk and arms. The itching, on the other hand, can be very severe.
Pathogenesis
Mud mites feed on skin cells and tissue fluid and deposit feces in the bore holes, which leads to severe itching and, as a result of scratching, to inflamed and crusted skin areas. There are thicker and thicker skin crusts and finally thick crusts. In the affected areas, the hair falls out over a large area. Important body functions such as heat regulation and metabolism are disturbed. Up to 1000 mites can live per square centimeter of skin.
Course of disease and diagnosis
The animals show a noticeably restless behavior throughout the year. They scratch their legs and horns, bite their fur and rub against objects. In the advanced stage, tears, abrasions, hair loss, bark formation and scaly skin folds occur. Some of the animals die.
Chamois in good nutrition and high resistance can have mites without becoming ill. These mute parasite carriers are responsible for ensuring that the epidemic can break out again in a mud area when the population has recovered.
Severely ill animals
In the case of seriously ill animals, but not in the case of normal disease infestation , hunting law generally provides for the hunting license , not only in the case of mange .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Armin Deutz: Influences on the population development of chamois, page 29
- ↑ Andreas König, Dorothea Zannantonio: Chamois Monitoring 1998 - 2006 in the model project Nationalparkreviere Gasteinertal, pages 74–75
- ↑ Hunting law in Bavaria - hunting shot