Gazi Husrev Pasha

Gazi Hüsrev Pascha , also Boşnak Hüsrev Pascha ( Hüsrev Pascha, the Bosniak ) or Ekrem Hüsrev Pascha ( Hüsrev Pascha, the childlike ), (* 16th century in Sanjak Bosnia ; † March 1632 in Tokat ) was an Ottoman statesman and from 1628 to 1631 Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire under Sultan Murad IV.

Life

Origin, youth and offices in the palace

Gazi Hüsrev Pascha was born in Sanjak Bosnia, which was a province of the Ottoman Empire. He came to Istanbul as part of the boy harvest and attended the Enderun Palace School . He was Silâhdar and Aga of the Janissaries . In 1625 he became Minister of Government as vizier. During the second Abaza Rebellion , Grand Vizier Damad Halil Pasha attempted to conquer the fortress of Erzurum , which was under the control of Abaza Mehmed Pasha , the leader of the rebellion. Despite a siege of 70 days, Damad Halil Pasha was unable to conquer the city and was subsequently released. Hüsrev Pascha was appointed the new Grand Vizier on April 6, 1628.

Grand Vizier

Hüsrev Pascha besieged Erzurum again from September 5, 1628. The siege came faster than Abaza Mehmed Pasha expected and the city was not prepared for a new long siege. As early as September 18, the rebels surrendered to Abaza Mehmed. Hüsrev's easy victory, which ended a long and costly rebellion, earned him fame and recognition. He became the de facto ruler of the empire because, according to historian Joseph von Hammer Hüsrevs, instructions were more effective than the 15-year-old sultan's instructions. Hüsrev Pascha reduced the number of viziers in the Sublime Porte and made it a habit to execute his political opponents.

Hüsrev's next mission was to recapture Baghdad , which had been conquered shortly before by the Safavid Shah Abbas I of Persia . At the end of 1629 Hüsrev Pasha began to penetrate into Persian territory. Since the invasion began during the rainy season and the Mesopotamia around Euphrates and Tigris was flooded, it was impossible to besiege the city itself. So Hüsrev Pasha decided to conquer other cities around Baghdad while one of his subordinate officers defeated a Persian army. The siege of Baghdad began on June 22, 1630 and was abandoned on November 14, 1630 without success. Hüsrev Pasha decided to continue the military operation next year. But in 1631 the beginning of the siege was delayed because Hüsrev Pascha did not get any reinforcements. On October 25, 1631 he was dismissed from office and retired to Tokat .

death

The news of Hüsrev's dismissal caused general unrest in the Reich. Hüsrev's successor, Hafiz Ahmed Pasha, was killed in the palace by insurgents. Murad IV then accused Hüsrev of being responsible for the unrest and sent the governor of Diyabekir to Tokat to execute Hüsrev Pasha. After a few minor clashes, Hüsrev was executed in March 1632.

literature

• İsmail Hâmi Dânişmend: Osmanlı devlet Erkânı: Sadr-ı-a'zamlar (vezir-i-a'zamlar), şeyh-ül-islâmlar, kapdan-ı-deryalar, baş-defterdarlar, reı̂s-ül-küttablar . Türkiye Yayınevi, Istanbul 1971, p. 34

Individual evidence

1. ^ Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall : History of the Ottoman Empire: mostly from previously unused manuscripts and archives . CA Hartleben's Verlag, Pest 1829, p. 79 ( digitized version )
2. ↑ Ayhan Buz: sadrazamları Ottoman . Neden Kitap, Istanbul 2009, ISBN 978-975-254-278-5 , p. 92
3. ^ Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall (1829), p. 81
4. ^ Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall (1829), p. 105
5. ^ Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall (1829), p. 129
6. ↑ Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall (1829), p. 131ff.
7. ^ Yaşar Yücel, Ali Sevim: Türkiye Tarihi . Volume III, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, Ankara 1991, pp. 69-71

predecessor	Office	successor
Damat Halil Pasha	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire April 6, 1628 - October 25, 1631	Hafız Ahmed Pasha