Straight vision prism

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The straight vision prism , also known as the dispersion prism , is an optical instrument that was invented by Giovanni Battista Amici . With a straight vision prism, light is spectrally split without changing the direction of the optical axis .

Beam path of light of different wavelengths in a straight vision prism (W = white light, B = short-wave, blue component, R = long-wave, red component, G = green light from the middle of the spectrum is not deflected.)
A = crown glass, B = flint glass

A straight vision prism is composed of three prisms , the middle one made of flint glass and the two outer ones made of crown glass . Compared to crown glass , flint glass breaks the light more strongly (larger refractive index ) and also fans out the spectral colors more strongly (larger dispersion ). By combining two crown glass prisms with an "upside down" flint glass prism between the two, it is therefore possible to compensate for the deflection of the light of a certain spectral color . This light leaves the straight vision prism exactly as an extension of the incident light beam, i.e. in a straight line.

The stronger fanning of the spectral colors in the flint glass prism is reduced but not canceled out by the (weaker) dispersion in the crown glass prisms. A straight vision prism therefore breaks up white light into its spectral components , but avoids the kink in the beam path that occurs with normal, simple prisms.

  • A straight vision prism according to Amici

  • Various straight vision prisms

  • Dispersion using a straight vision prism

  • Dispersion using a normal flint glass prism

literature

  • Ludwig Bergmann: Textbook of Experimental Physics. Volume 3 Optik, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-11-017081-7 .
  • Jürgen Becker, Hansjörg Jodl: Physical internship for natural scientists and engineers. VDI Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1991, ISBN 978-3-540-62327-4 .
  • Jan-Peter Meyn: Basic experimental technology in physics lessons. 2nd updated edition, Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-486-71624-5 .
  • Heinz Haferkorn: Optics. Physical-technical basics and applications, 4th edited and expanded edition, Wiley-VCH Verlags GmbH, Weinheim 2003, ISBN 3-527-40372-8 .

Web links