Gerhard of Brussels
Gerhard von Brussels ( lat : Gerardus Bruxellensis, nl . : Gerard van Brussel, french : Gérard de Bruxelles, en . : Gerard of Brussels) (works approx. 1187–1260) was a geometer and philosopher of the early 13th century. His life and career remain in the dark.
Gerard played a role in the development of kinematics and the measurement of geometric shapes. He was best known for his book Liber de motu ( On Movement ), a six-manuscript fundamental work on kinematics, which was probably written between 1187 and 1260. He is referred to in his handwriting as a Magister and since he apparently also knew the Liber philotegni de triangulis by Jordanus von Nemore , Marshall Clagett classifies him in the university environment, possibly in Paris.
He made the works of Euclid and Archimedes popular again and was a source of ideas for the Oxford Calculators . Thomas Bradwardine quotes Gerard in his Tractatus de proportionibus velocitatum (1328).
His main contribution was his turning away from Greek mathematics and developing the idea of the relationship between two unequal quantities such as distance and time, as modern physics defines speed .
literature
- Marshall Clagett : "The Liber de motu of Gerard of Brussels and the Origins of Kinematics in the West," Osiris 12, (1956) (pp. 73-175)
- Marshall Clagett: Gerard of Brussels, in Dictionary of Scientific Biography , Volume 5, pp. 360f
- Oswald Schwemmer : Gerard von Brussels , in: Jürgen Mittelstraß (ed.): Encyclopedia Philosophy and Philosophy of Science, Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich 1980, Volume 1: A – G, pages 744.2-745.1
Individual evidence
- ↑ Liber de motu quotes the translation of Archimedes - De quadratura circuli - by Gerhard von Cremona († 1187)
- ^ Liber de motu is quoted in - Biblionomia - (1260) by Richard de Fournival
- ^ Clagett, Dict. Sci. Biogr.
- ^ Joseph Mazur - Zeno's Paradox: Unraveling the Ancient Mystery of the Science of Space and Time -, Plame, London 2007, (pp. 50-51).
Web links
- Teun Koetsier - Kinematics in the 13th and 14th Centuries (About kinematic works by Gerhard von Brussels, the Oxford Calculators , Casali and Oresme )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gerhard of Brussels |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gerard of Brussels; Gerard de Bruxelles; Gerard van Brussel; Gerardus Bruxellensis |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Mathematician, philosopher and theologian |
| DATE OF BIRTH | before 1187 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | uncertain: Brussels |
| DATE OF DEATH | around 1250 |
| Place of death | uncertain: Paris |