Guild Socialism

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The guild socialism is a Dating back to the early 20th century, especially in England, Austria and Germany movement for socialist economic reform on the guilds is based -thoughts. The working people should manage the means of production themselves - organized in so-called guilds , which were modeled on medieval professional organizations . Forerunners of guild socialism were French syndicalism , British owenism and the cooperative theory . Guild socialism was mainly worked out by GDH Cole . Guild socialism is characterized equally by a rejection of a centralized planned economy and a market economy . In contrast to syndicalism, goods in the guild system should not come onto the market, but should be exchanged via a politically administered system. The success of building guilds after the First World War in England is counted among the practical effects of guild socialism, although this already subsided in the early 1920s. The ideas of guild socialism were particularly taken up in Austromarxism . Otto Bauer counted it to be a non-representative functional democracy, since the government would be controlled by citizens grouped together according to occupation and place of work. According to Harry Graf Kessler , guild socialism combines the idea of ​​freedom with a cooperative view of the structure of society and the state, as represented by Otto von Gierke and Léon Duguit . Even Karl Polanyi was strongly influenced by Cole and his idea of guild socialism, which was reflected in the early 1920s in several written essays in Hungarian.

literature

  • Arthur Penty: Restoration of the Guild System , 1906.
  • SG Hobson: National Guilds: An Inquiry into the Wage System and the Way Out , 1914.
  • GDH Cole: Guild Socialism Restated , 1920.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helga Grebing , Walter Euchner : History of social ideas in Germany: Socialism - Catholic social teaching - Protestant social ethics. A manual. VS Verlag, 2005, p. 325.
  2. ^ Branko Horvat, Mihailo Marković, Rudi Supek: Self-governing socialism: a reader. Volume 2, Verlag ME Sharpe, 1975, p. 27.
  3. ^ Helga Grebing, Walter Euchner: History of social ideas in Germany. Socialism - Catholic social teaching - Protestant social ethics. A manual. VS Verlag, 2005, p. 300.
  4. ^ Harry Graf Kessler : Gildensozialismus (1920) in the project Gutenberg-DE
  5. ↑ Lee Congden: The Sovereignty of Society - Polanyi in Vienna. In: Kari Levitt (Ed.): The Life and Work of Karl Polanyi. A celebration . Black Rose Books, 1990, ISBN 1551645165 , pp. 78f.