Gindaros
Coordinates: 36 ° 23 '8 " N , 36 ° 41' 20.1" E
Gindaros is a settlement hill (tell) near Jindires in northwest Syria , which has extensive traces of settlement from the Bronze Age and Iron Age . After a phase of weak settlement, there was an intensive revitalization in the early Hellenistic period, probably under Seleucus I Nikator around 300 BC. Chr.
63 BC After the conquest by Pompey , Gindaros became part of the Roman province of Syria. 38 BC Here the Roman legions under Publius Ventidius Bassus defeated the Parthians under the leadership of the Parthian Crown Prince Pakoros , who lost his life in the battle of Gindaros . 253 n. Chr. Became the site by the king of the Sassanid , I. Shapur destroyed.
In the early Byzantine period there was a last bloom, and in the 4th century Gindaros was the bishopric . For the 6th century, an unstoppable decline can be noted, primarily as a result of wars, waves of plague and earthquakes; in connection with the conquest of Syria by the Arabs in the 7th century, Gindaros is no longer mentioned.
Archaeological investigations since 1993 have produced a broad spectrum of Hellenistic-Roman finds, above all ceramics , but also a treasure trove of Roman silver coins and a bronze place; in addition, u. a. identified a Hippodamian street system on Tell and a Middle Roman lower town. The titular diocese of Gindarus of the Roman Catholic Church goes back to the late antique bishopric of the city .
Remarks
- ^ Cassius Dio , Roman History, Book 49, chap. 20; Strabo , Description of the Earth, XVI 2, 8
literature
- Norbert Kramer: Gindaros. History and archeology of a settlement in northwestern Syria from the Hellenistic to the early Byzantine period . Leidorf, Rahden Westfalen 2004, ISBN 3-89646-313-6 , ( International Archeology 41), (At the same time: Konstanz, Univ., Diss., 2001).