Global South
The group of developing and emerging countries is called the Global South . It is a direct translation of Global South , a term that was probably first introduced by the World Bank in the development policy debate in the late 1980s .
The countries of the global north , on the other hand, represent the rich industrialized countries . The term north / south is thus used detached from its (relative) geographical meaning and is understood as a neutral term as a substitute for the evaluative designation developing and emerging countries. On the one hand, the addition global clarifies this non-geographical meaning and, in addition to terms such as global change , global development , globalization, etc., no longer stands for a nation-state, but for a global perspective.
In the history of the term, the distinction between industrialized and non-industrialized countries can be observed in the change of concept from first, second and third world (as a result of the world division after the Second World War) to the designation of industrialized and developing countries. The discriminatory evaluation of countries according to the ordinal numbers 1 to 3 is - according to the current understanding of global justice - obvious. In contrast to industry , however , the term development also stands for a certain direction of development, namely that in the direction of the industrialized countries (cf. the concept of catching up development ) and enhances this at this point.
While the terms Global North and Global South are already firmly established in non-governmental organizations in the field of development cooperation , in particular development education work and some humanities disciplines, state bodies such as the Society for International Cooperation (GIZ) or the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) has deeply anchored the terms relating to development .
literature
- Wolfgang Sachs: After us, the future. The global conflict over justice and ecology. Brandes & Apsel, Frankfurt am Main 2002, ISBN 3-86099-234-1 .