Global Compact for Refugees

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The Global Compact for Refugees (English: Global Compact on Refugees , GCR), also briefly UN or UN Refugee Pact , is an international agreement with the High Commissioner for Refugees of the United Nations was established to a predictable, adequate passenger and To achieve a distribution of responsibility for refugee issues among all members of the United Nations. On November 13, 2018, 176 states voted for the final draft text of this refugee pact. On December 17, 2018, it was officially adopted by the UN General Assembly with the votes of 181 states.

The background to the agreement was the strong increase in the number of refugees worldwide and the associated higher funding requirements of the UN refugee agency , which in the past could not always be met. The aid agency described the treaty as "non-political" and based on the principles of the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol. Like the UN migration pact , which was developed in parallel, this agreement is not legally binding.

development

2016: "New York Declaration"

In view of the increasing global movements of refugees and migrants, the UN General Assembly met on September 19, 2016 on the subject of refugees and migrants and unanimously adopted the New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants . In it, the states reaffirmed the existing international protection agreements in a document. To better cope with and distribute the burden of refugee migration, they agreed on a Global Compact on Refugees . This was supplemented by another planned agreement, the UN migration pact .

2018: Final draft and adoption

The final draft of the text of June 26, 2018 contained an introduction and a program of action. The action program consists of two parts, each of which is divided into three subsections:

  • Arrangements for the distribution of burdens and responsibilities (sub-items 14-48)
  1. Global arrangements for international cooperation
  2. Arrangements for help in a specific refugee situation
  3. Key tools for the effective sharing of burdens and responsibilities
  • Areas in need of support (sub-items 49-100)
  1. Collection and access
  2. Meeting needs and supporting communities
  3. solutions

On November 13th, the "Third Committee of the UN General Assembly" discussed the final draft of the pact in New York and adopted it. Only the United States voted against in the committee, according to its outgoing UN Ambassador Nikki Haley , the pact is not compatible with the "sovereign interests" of their country.

On December 17th, the pact was adopted by 181 of 193 member states in the UN General Assembly in New York. Only the United States and Hungary voted against accepting the pact. The Dominican Republic , Eritrea and Libya abstained, and some stayed away from the vote.

Discussion and criticism

On November 30, 2018, the Bundestag discussed the Global Compact on Refugees at the request of the Alternative for Germany party .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b "The global compact on refugees - Final Draft" UNHCR.org of June 26, 2018
  2. ^ "New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants" : General Assembly resolution, adopted September 19, 2016.
  3. ↑ Nicholas R. Micinski, Thomas G. Weiss: Global Migration Governance: Beyound Coordination and Crisis . In: The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2017 . Oxford University Press 2018, ISBN 978-0-19-092384-6 , pp. 189 ff.
  4. ↑ Ricarda Breyton: UN Agreement, Part Two: Migration Pact ? Nobody has spoken about the refugee pact so far . In: THE WORLD . November 20, 2018 ( welt.de [accessed November 20, 2018]).
  5. ^ New York: UN Refugee Pact adopted - USA and Hungary vote against . Spiegel Online, December 17, 2018.
  6. ↑ https://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2018/kw48-de-aktuelle-stunde-migrationspakt/580830