Glycodelin
| Glycodelin | ||
|---|---|---|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 180 amino acids | |
| Isoforms | 3 | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name | PAEP | |
| External IDs | ||
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Primates | |
Glycodelin is a protein that is produced in the endometrium of primates . It has a modulating function on the immune system . Because it belongs to the lipocaline family , it probably has the function of a transport protein . It is the most abundant protein in the endometrium during the middle to late luteal phase and the first pregnancy - semester will be distributed, about 6-8 days after progesterone . There are three isoforms of the protein that result from alternate splicing of the mRNA . Depending on the tissue in which glycodelin is synthesized, it is present in a different glycosylation . The glycodelin in the seminal fluid may have a regulatory function in contraception . The beta- lactoglobulin in milk of mammals is closely related to Glycodelin.
There is a relationship between glycodelin levels and the perception of pain during menstruation.
Glycodelin has a molecular mass of 28 kDa . It exists as a homodimer with a molecular mass of 50 to 60 kDa. It consists of 180 amino acids. Glycodelin is encoded on chromosome 9 . Glycodelin A from amniotic fluid carries lacNAc or lacdiNAc as glycosylation, which have immunosuppressive effects by blocking adhesive and activating events mediated by CD22 , the human B-cell receptor, and LewisX, which blocks E-selectin-mediated adhesion . Glycodelin S from seminal plasma .
history
In the 1970s and 1980s, a protein was isolated from different tissues, which was given different names depending on which tissue it was isolated from. After determining the oligosaccharide structure , these proteins were named glycodelin.
literature
- Seppälä M, Koistinen H, Koistinen R, Hautala L, Chiu PC, Yeung WS: Glycodelin in reproductive endocrinology and hormone-related cancer . In: Eur. J. Endocrinol. . 160, No. 2, February 2009, pp. 121-33. doi : 10.1530 / EJE-08-0756 . PMID 19039086 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ortholog at OMA
- ↑ UniProt P09466
- ↑ Alok A, Karande AA: The role of glycodelin as an immune-modulating agent at the feto-maternal interface . In: J. Reprod. Immunol. . 83, No. 1-2, December 2009, pp. 124-7. doi : 10.1016 / j.jri.2009.06.261 . PMID 19896207 .
- ↑ SundarRaj S, Soni C, Karande AA: Glycodelin A triggers T cell apoptosis through a novel calcium-independent galactose-binding lectin activity . In: Mol. Immunol. . 46, No. 16, October 2009, pp. 3411-9. doi : 10.1016 / j.molimm.2009.07.013 . PMID 19683346 .
- ↑ Bersinger NA, Birkhäuser MH, Yared M, Wunder DM: Serum glycodelin pattern during the menstrual cycle in healthy young women . In: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand . 88, No. 11, 2009, pp. 1215-21. doi : 10.3109 / 00016340903294264 . PMID 19900139 .
- ↑ Scholl B, Bersinger NA, Kuhn A, Mueller MD: Correlation between symptoms of pain and peritoneal fluid inflammatory cytokine concentrations in endometriosis . In: Gynecol. Endocrinol. . 25, No. 11, November 2009, pp. 701-6. doi : 10.3109 / 09513590903159680 . PMID 19903048 .
- ↑ Morris HR, Dell A, Easton RL, et al. : Gender-specific glycosylation of human glycodelin affects its contraceptive activity . In: J. Biol. Chem. . 271, No. 50, December 1996, pp. 32159-67. PMID 8943270 .
- ^ Koistinen H, Koistinen R, Dell A, et al. : Glycodelin from seminal plasma is a differentially glycosylated form of contraceptive glycodelin-A . In: Mol. Hum. Reprod. . 2, No. 10, October 1996, pp. 759-65. PMID 9239694 .
- ↑ Vigne JL, Hornung D, Mueller MD, Taylor RN: Purification and characterization of an immunomodulatory endometrial protein, glycodelin . In: J. Biol. Chem. . 276, No. 20, May 2001, pp. 17101-5. doi : 10.1074 / jbc.M010451200 . PMID 11278680 .