Cemetery of Kleinhadersdorf

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The cemetery of Kleinhadersdorf was excavated in 1931 in the Marchleiten corridor, south of the village of Kleinhadersdorf in Lower Austria in Austria . 19 ceramic band (5,500-4,900 BC) graves were discovered. In the course of excavations that took place between 1987 and 1991, around 90 further discolorations were uncovered, 40 of which are considered safe graves. There are also remains of four cremation burials .

The grave field, which originally contained around 200 burials, is the largest of the line ceramic culture in Austria to date . In total, the skeletal remains of 62 individuals were recovered. It contains burials from the Flomborn phase (Tichy I / II) to the Šárka and Želiezovce phases.

The body burials were examined paleodemographically and paleopathologically. The focus of the investigation was on the detection of the characteristics of the skeleton caused by deficiency and the diseases of the teeth. Indications of deficiency diseases could be found in both the adult and the subadult individuals of the early Neolithic population. The skeletons show traces of osteoperiostitis (24.2%), porotic hyperostosis (27.4%), cribra orbitalia (breakdown of the covering bone layer in the roof of the eye socket, 3.2%) and transversal enamel hypoplasia (16.7%). The frequency of caries in the total population is relatively high (45.2%). Infectious diseases (8 of 62 individuals) and signs of traumatic changes (7 of 62) could be detected. The unspecific deficiency states indicate a seasonal inadequate diet within the population. Compared to the early Neolithic series from Asparn / Schletz, however, the skeletons of the Kleinhadersdorf burial ground show a significantly lower proportion of stress marks. The results of the investigation of an early Neolithic population speak for a generally good state of health of the prehistoric agricultural society.

literature

  • Christine Neugebauer-Maresch, Eva Lenneis: The linear ceramic grave field of Kleinhadersdorf ; Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2015
  • Barbara Elisabeth Tiefenböck: The pathological changes in the linear ceramic skeletal remains from Kleinhadersdorf, Lower Austria; an anthropological contribution to the reconstruction of the living conditions in the early Neolithic . University thesis (diploma thesis University of Vienna) 2010. ( online version )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Penny Bickle, R. Alexander Bentley, Christoph Blesl, Linda Fibiger, Julie Hamilton, Robert Hedges, Eva Lenneis, Christine Neugebauer-Maresch, Peter Stadler, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Barbara Tiefenböck, Alasdair Whittle: Austria . In: Penny Bickle, Alasdair Whittle (Eds.), The first Farmers of central Europe: Diversity in LBK lifeways . Oxford, Oxbow 2013, 165
  2. ↑ Penny Bickle, R. Alexander Bentley, Christoph Blesl, Linda Fibiger, Julie Hamilton, Robert Hedges, Eva Lenneis, Christine Neugebauer-Maresch, Peter Stadler, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Barbara Tiefenböck, Alasdair Whittle: Austria . In: Penny Bickle, Alasdair Whittle (Eds.), The first Farmers of central Europe: Diversity in LBK lifeways . Oxford, Oxbow 2013, p. 169

Coordinates: 48 ° 39 ′ 10 ″  N , 16 ° 33 ′ 58 ″  E