Large Gobi-B protected area
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Large Gobi-B protected area
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| location | Chowd-Aimag , Gobi-Altai-Aimag ( Mongolia ) | |
| surface | 9000 km² | |
| Geographical location | 45 ° 25 ' N , 92 ° 40' E | |
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| Setup date | 1975 | |
The Great Gobi B protected area (English: Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area ) is a nature reserve in Mongolia at the edge of the Gobi Desert . It is a strictly protected area and lies on the Mongolian border with China. The mountainous desert steppes of the reserve are home to half-donkeys, gazelles, wolves, as well as a population of the Przewalski wild horse , which has been resettled here. A related protected area is located about 200 km to the east in an even drier part of the Gobi and is called the Great Gobi-A Protected Area .
Landscape and climate
The Great Gobi-B Conservation Area was established in 1975 and comprises approximately 9,000 square kilometers of desert steppes, arid mountainous areas, semi-deserts and desert areas. The plains of the reserve are bordered in the east by low mountains and in the east by rolling hills. The lowest parts of the reserve are about 1000 m above sea level, the highest points are on the border with China and rise 2840 m. In the north, the Mongolian Altai Mountains border the reserve. The climate is extremely continental, so temperatures can drop to −40 ° C in winter and rise to +40 ° C in summer. There is an average of 97 days of snow a year. In summer (May – September) the monthly average temperatures are around 14 to 19 ° C, in winter (October – April) around +4 to −20 ° C. The precipitation is very irregular.
fauna
Since 1992 the Przewalski horse , which was completely extinct in the wild, has been reintroduced in the Great Gobi-B Conservation Area . There are also Mongolian half donkeys. While the half donkey is widespread and quite common in the area, it seems to represent a marginal area of the original distribution for the Przewalski horse. In contrast to half-donkeys, who get along well with semi-deserts, only small areas of the protected area, especially river valleys and oases, are well suited for Przewalski horses. In very harsh winters, they therefore often suffer severe losses. The wild horse population collapsed completely in the extremely harsh winter of 2009/2010 and sank from 137 to only 48 animals. The local population's herds of domestic animals also suffered enormous losses of 50 to 100% in this weather phenomenon known as " Dzud ".
In addition to half-donkeys and wild horses, there are some other ungulate species, such as the goitered gazelle . The Siberian ibex is relatively common in the mountain areas, while the Argali has become rare. The most important predator is the wolf , while snow leopards and lynxes are rare. Smaller predators that can be found in the reserve include red fox , steppe fox , wildcat, and manul .
protection
Despite the strict protection status, people live in the reserve. There are some settlements outside the core zone, which is around 1,800 square kilometers in size. Around 110 families live in the area of the protected area, and they graze their almost 60,000 pets in the reserve, especially in winter. Poaching appears to be relatively low compared to other parts of the Gobi. Wolves, however, are heavily persecuted and wolf products are traded to China, for example.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Petra Kaczensky, Namtar Enkhsaikhan, Oyunsaikhan Ganbaatar, and Chris Walzer: The Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area in Mongolia - refuge or sink for wolves Canis lupus in the Gobi . Wildlife Biology 14 (4): 444-456. 2008. doi : 10.2981 / 0909-6396-14.4.444 .
- ↑ a b c P. Kaczensky, O. Ganbaatar, H. Von Wehrden, C. Walzer: Resource selection by sympatric wild equids in the Mongolian Gobi . Journal of Applied Ecology, Volume 45, Issue 6, pages 1762–1769, December 2008 online
- ↑ Petra Kaczensky et al. (2010). Winter disaster in the Dzungarian Gobi - crash of the Przewalski's horse population in Takhin Tal 2009/2010 . Study by the International Takhi Group ( Memento of the original from July 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
