Gromada
Under Gromada (dt .: "heap") is defined as a unit of village self-government in Poland at different times.
- In the Polish-Lithuanian Rzeczpospolita , an organization that included all villagers developed from the 16th to the 18th centuries, particularly in Lesser Poland . Its organs were the village assembly ( zgromadzenie gromadzkie ) and the village office ( urząd wiejski ). She dealt with the internal affairs of the village, tax collection and the supervision of financial services to the king.
- In Congress Poland the Gromada became part of the collective municipality ( gmina zbiorowa ) in 1859 . Its executive body was the Schulzen ( sołtysy ), who were elected by gromada assemblies. Their organization was different in farming villages, formerly urban settlements and small aristocratic villages.
- In the Second Polish Republic between the World Wars, the Gromada was part of the collective municipality, but was a separate body that administered the Gromada property.
- In the People's Republic of Poland , the Gromada was the smallest administrative unit from 1954 to 1972. A gromada comprised several villages and was introduced as a replacement for parishes. At its head was the People's Council ( rada narodowa ) and its presidium. In 1972 it was replaced by municipalities ( gminy ).