Hallan Çemi
Coordinates: 38 ° 13 ′ 27 ″ N , 41 ° 14 ′ 30 ″ E
Hallan Çemi is the Turkish name of a Neolithic village in Anatolia , which was about 50 km north of Batman on the west bank of Batman Çayı near the Taurus Mountains . When the Batman Dam was built, it was completely covered by water at a depth of about 13 m.
The place was discovered in 1990 by Rosenberg and Togul during a survey , which should identify interesting places before the construction of the dam should begin. During the construction work, rescue excavations took place there from 1991 to 1994, with a 4.30 m thick layer of deposits from the 11th millennium BC. Was exposed. Of the slightly less than 10,000 m 2 area of the site, only 700 m 2 were uncovered, whereby four building layers were identified. The place had a central village square, around which round buildings and small round platforms were arranged. The buildings were erected either with piled stones or wickerwork covered with clay. In the two most recent building layers, there were also large stone buildings that were five to six meters in diameter sunk into the ground and interpreted as public buildings. The place was about 640 m above sea level.
The residents of Hallan Çemi were hunters and gatherers who were mostly sedentary all year round.
literature
- Michael Rosenberg: Hallan Çemi. In: The oldest monuments of mankind. 12,000 years ago in Anatolia. [Large state exhibition Baden-Württemberg 2007 in the Badisches Landesmuseum Schloss Karlsruhe, January 20 - June 17, 2007], ed. from the Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe. Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-2072-8 , p. 5455.
Individual evidence
- ^ Ian Kuijt: Life in Neolithic Farming Communities: Social Organization, Identity, and Differentiation. Springer Science & Business Media, June 30, 2000, ISBN 0-306-46122-6 , p. 42.