Cervical lymph nodes
As cervical lymph nodes ( lymphonodi cervicales , Cervical lymph nodes ) which are in the region of the neck lying lymph nodes , respectively.
human
There are three groups of lymph nodes in humans.
The superficial cervical lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi cervicales superficiales ) are located on the side of the neck along the external jugular vein on the sternocleidomastoid muscle up to the front edge of the trapezius muscle . They are connected to the deep cervical lymph nodes.
The deep cervical lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi cervicales profundi ) lie along the carotid artery under the sternocleidomastoid muscle. They are preceded by other lymph nodes close to the organs: the thyroid lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi thyroidei ), the Lymphonodi pretracheales and the Lymphonodi paratracheales .
The anterior cervical lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi cervicales anteriores ) are variable, that is, they do not develop in every individual. They lie on the front of the neck against the larynx and the windpipe .
Pets
In veterinary anatomy, a distinction is made between two groups of lymph nodes (so-called "lymph centers"): the superficial ( Lymphocentrum cervicale superficiale ) and the deep cervical lymph center ( Lymphocentrum cervicale profundum ).
The superficial cervical lymph center consists of the superficial cervical lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi cervicales superficiales ). These are also known as bug lymph nodes and are located in front of the shoulder joint under the omotransversarius muscle . They can be felt through this muscle in horses , cattle , dogs and lean cats . In pigs and cats they are called cervical lymphonodi superficial dorsal named because apart from the superficial cervical, prescapular yet another location to neck bottom group ( lymphonodi cervical superficial ventral ) at the lower edge of the muscle brachiocephalicus , in pigs also an intermediate group ( lymphonodi cervical superficial medii ) are formed medial to the brachiocephalicus muscle.
The deep cervical lymph center consists of the deep cervical lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi cervicales profundi ) which lie along the neck part of the windpipe. They are divided into three groups: the anterior deep ( Lymphonodi cervicales profundi craniales ), the middle ( Lymphonodi cervicales profundi medii ), and the posterior deep cervical lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi cervicales profundi caudales ). In dogs they can be inconsistent, in cats, sheep and goats the front and middle ones are usually missing, in pigs the middle ones.
literature
- U. Gille: Cardiovascular and immune system, Angiologia. In: F.-V. Salomon et al. (Ed.): Anatomy for veterinary medicine. Enke publishing house. Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8304-1007-7 , pp. 404-463.